The Five Basic Concepts Of Interpersonal Communication

Interpersonal Communication Throughout our lives we meet people who leave more than just a first impression, but an impact on our lives. From the time I was two months old to my current age of eighteen this woman has shown her love for me, the importance of determination, and motivation. I am lucky enough to call this woman my mother. My mother and I have a high level relationship where we communicate daily. We used various types of interpersonal communication to express our emotions. Interpersonal communication is defined as the process by which people exchange information, feelings, and meanings through non-verbal and verbal messages. The five basic concepts of interpersonal communication that relate to my relationship with my mother include age, nonverbal, eye contact, hearing, and decoding. Age is a concept of interpersonal communication that is defined as a demographic consideration that effects an audience’s response to and understanding of a speaker’s message. Throughout my day I will send a text message to my mother explaining to her how well I did on my test or send her a picture. With every generation technology has advanced making our lives simpler and easier. My mother growing up did not have a cell phone or even social media accounts. However, I got my first cell phone at the age of twelve from then on my mother and I have communicated consistently with text message and other forms of electronic communication. Although my mothers and I ages are different, andShow MoreRelatedDear Sacramento Chinese Community Service Center,. I Have1409 Words   |  6 PagesDear Sacramento Chinese Community Service Center, I have been recently taking an interpersonal communication course and have discovered a great deal of information that I believe can be extremely beneficial to our agency’s communication effectiveness. I invite you all to think back to one of our previous meetings, do you recall any of the following? A lack of eye contact, a lack of enthusiasm, and frustrated looks on faces? How about an overall sense of discontent so much so that people are disengagedRead MoreCommunication : Understanding Interpersonal Communication1554 Words   |  7 PagesI. Introduction AND Thesis Statement Communication is the number one key in a relationship, especially when you re talking about marriage. I would like to take this moment to say congratulation on your recent marriage. I want to tell you that communication helps build a healthy personal foundation by implementing small talk in helping resolve conflicts through growth and helps reduce any barriers that prevent you from having a happy, successful marriage. Remember that no one is perfect at communicatingRead MoreReflection On Interpersonal Communication1724 Words   |  7 Pagesagain that the concepts we are learning can be applied to everyday life. For instance, when we talked about non-verbal communication, I realized that it is impossible to not communicate. There are many activities, other than the use of language, that allow us to draw meaning from something we observe. When my mother widens her eyes at me without stating a word, I understand she is telling me to think twice about the action I’m about to take . It has been great to be able to assign concepts and vocabularyRead MoreThe Importance Of Interpersonal Communication1038 Words   |  5 PagesInterpersonal communication can be seen everywhere is vas locations, and is needed for relationships and the idea of yourself. In life, communication becomes very vital in continuing and maintaining these relationships, and having the ability at a competent level is a necessity.   When it comes to communication you’re either good at it or not as good, but there is always room for improvement. Interpersonal communication skills are learned behaviors that can be improved through knowledge, practiceRead MoreConcept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories1051 Words   |  5 PagesConcept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories Nur 513 May 19, 2014 Theory is the core of nursing and nursing process. It describes, explains and predicts the uniqueness of a phenomenon. Theory is analysis and examine to determine the viability in the world of professional nursing. Concepts is the framework and foundation of the theory which consist of concrete and abstracts. The purpose of this paper is to select a core concept that is common to two nursing theories. Compare and AnalysisRead MoreInterpersonal Relationship Between My Father And I Had1737 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract In this Interpersonal relationship analysis, I will be analyzing the Interpersonal relationship that my father and I had. I will give a little background on the relationship which we had, explain how the different concepts that we have covered in our class effected our relationship, through research and interviews conducted, and conclude with how the lessons learned from and through the relationship we had are still present today, even though my father is no longer alive. There are severalRead MoreThe Principles Of Interpersonal Communication Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pageslooking for some advice on communication for your new journey together. I recently completed a class on interpersonal communication and learned a lot of different techniques that may be helpful. I would also like to share some of my own personal experiences as a communicator. Knowing your role as a communicator is important, whether you are the one sending or receiving them. It will also guide you through diff icult times if either of you faces a conflict. Communication is a vital part of havingRead MoreI Am An Active Listener As Well998 Words   |  4 Pagesyou will find five examples of areas for you to examine that will help you develop and keep the communication open and active in your relationship. To become complacent in a relationship will allow the relationship to become stagnant therefore leading to dissolution. It is easy to get comfortable in a relationship and assume everything is fine. Early on in a relationship, interpersonal communication is solid but it seems to fade with time; it is a daily battle to keep communication at the forefrontRead Moremr dddsdddd1164 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿GS0155 Interpersonal Communication Summary of concepts from Lecture 1 to Lecture 10 Lecture 1: Universals of IPC What is interpersonal communication? Nature of IPC: dyadic approach a. Dyadic b. Dyadic primacy c. Dyads Two types of dyadic connection: a. Dyadic coalition b. Dyadic consciousness Elements of Interpersonal Communication: (the model of IPC) a. Source-Receiver (encode, decode) b. Messages (feedback message, feed forward message) c. Channel d. Noise (Physical, PhysiologicalRead MoreTherapeutic Relationship in Nursing1433 Words   |  6 Pagesinteraction to be meaningful and have a positive impact on the health outcomes of the patient, the nurse needs to build interpersonal connections with the patient to form a therapeutic relationship. The nurse also needs to be aware of the patient’s culture and practice in a culturally safe way when establishing this relationship. In this essay the main characteristics of both interpersonal connectedness and the therapeutic relationship will be described using relevant literature. It will then go on to

System Administrator Free Essays

string(20) " FROM 1998 TO 2005\." Internet Mini Case #10 Intel Corporation J. David Hunger In 1968, Robert N. Noyce, the co-inventor of the integrated circuit, and Gordon E. We will write a custom essay sample on System Administrator or any similar topic only for you Order Now Moore left Fairchild Semiconductor International to form a new company. They took with them a young chemical engineer, Andrew Grove, and called the new firm Intel, short for integrated electronics. The company successfully made money by manufacturing computer memory modules. The company produced the first microprocessor (also called a â€Å"chip†) in 1971. A key turning point for the new company was IBM’s decision in the early 1980s to select Intel’s processors to run IBM’s new line of personal computers. Today, more than 80% of the world’s PCs run on Intel microprocessors. One of the company’s early innovations was centralizing its manufacturing in giant chip fabrication plants. This allowed Intel to make chips at a lower cost than its competitors who made custom chips in small factories. The founders encouraged a corporate culture of â€Å"disagree and commit† in which engineers were encouraged to constantly think of new ways of doing things faster, cheaper, and more reliably. Massive investment by Japanese competitors in the late 1970s led to falling prices in computer memory modules. Faced with possible bankruptcy, CEO Moore, with Grove as his second in command (Noyce had retired from active management), made the strategic decision in 1985 to abandon the computer memory business to focus on microprocessors. Projected growth in microprocessors was based on Moore’s prediction that the number of transistors on a chip would double every 24 months. In what was soon called â€Å"Moore’s Law,† Gordon Moore argued that microprocessor technology would improve exponentially, regardless of the state of the economy, the industry, or any one company. Thus, a company had to be at the cusp of innovation or risk falling behind. According to Moore, â€Å"If you lag behind your competition by a generation, you don’t just fall behind in chip performance, you get undercut in cost. † ______________________________________________________________________________ This case was prepared by Professor J. David Hunger, Iowa State University and St. John’s University. Copyright  © 2006 by J. David Hunger. The copyright holder is solely responsible for case content. Reprint permission is solely granted to the publisher, Prentice-Hall, for the books Strategic Management and Business Policy–11th Edition (and the International version of this book) and Cases in Strategic Management and Business Policy–11th Edition, by the copyright holder, J. David Hunger. Any other publication of the case (translation, any form of electronics or other media) or sale (any form of partnership) to another publisher will be in violation of copyright law, unless J. David Hunger has granted an additional written permission. Sources available upon request. Reprinted by permission. To raise money, Intel’s management agreed to sell 12% of the company’s stock to IBM for $250 million, a stake it later repurchased. Moore’s Law soon became part of the corporate culture as a fundamental expectation of all employees. Andy Grove replaced Gordon Moore as Intel’s CEO in 1987. Moore continued to serve on Intel’s board of directors until 2001. During Grove’s tenure as CEO from 1987 to 1998, Intel’s stock price rose 31. 6% annually and revenues grew from $1. 9 billion to $25. 1 billion. With 55% of its sales coming from outside the United States, Intel was transformed into a global corporation. The company became central to the growth of personal computers, cell phones, genomic research, and computer-aided design. Strategic Decisions Lead to Market Dominance IN ORDER TO SUCCEED IN THIS HIGH-TECH BUSINESS, MANAGEMENT WAS FORCED TO MAKE A NUMBER OF RISKY STRATEGIC DECISIONS. FOR EXAMPLE, INTEL’S BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO VOTE FOR A PROPOSAL IN THE EARLY 1990S TO COMMIT $5 BILLION TO MAKING THE PENTIUM MICROPROCESSOR CHIP—FIVE TIMES THE AMOUNT NEEDED FOR ITS PREVIOUS CHIP. IN LOOKING BACK ON THAT BOARD MEETING, THEN-CEO ANDY GROVE REMARKED, â€Å"I REMEMBER PEOPLE’S EYES LOOKING AT THAT CHART AND GETTING BIG. I WASN’T EVEN SURE I BELIEVED THOSE NUMBERS AT THE TIME. † THE PROPOSAL COMMITTED THE COMPANY TO BUILDING NEW FACTORIES—SOMETHING INTEL HAD BEEN RELUCTANT TO DO. A WRONG DECISION WOULD MEAN THAT THE COMPANY WOULD END UP WITH A KILLING AMOUNT OF OVERCAPACITY. BASED ON GROVE’S PRESENTATION, THE BOARD DECIDED TO TAKE THE GAMBLE. INTEL’S RESULTING MANUFACTURING EXPANSION EVENTUALLY COST $10 BILLION, BUT RESULTED IN INTEL’S DOMINATION OF THE MICROPROCESSOR BUSINESS AND HUGE CASH PROFITS. In 1994, soon after the introduction of the Pentium microprocessor, users noticed a small defect in the chip and began demanding replacement chips. The company soon fixed the problem and quickly sent their computer-maker customers new Pentium chips to replace the defective ones. Even though Intel had no obligation to deal directly with end users, the people to whom the computer makers sold their PCs, Grove and the board decided to replace all defective Pentium chips wherever they might be. This was an expensive decision, but one for which the firm received high praise throughout the industry. Realizing that future development of microprocessors would involve RISC technology—a technology Intel did not then have—CEO Grove persuaded Hewlett-Packard’s CEO in 1994 to combine HP’s work in RISC technology with Intel’s ability in product development. This joint venture took on the multibillion-dollar expense of creating 64-bit chip architecture—thought to be crucial to Intel’s continued success. Along with Bill Gates at Microsoft and Steve Jobs at Apple, Andy Grove had become a major figure in the computer industry at the dawn of the 21st century. Although Grove retired as CEO in 1998, he continued to serve until 2005 as Intel’s Chairman of the Board. Like Noyce and Moore before him, Grove took on the mantle of corporate guru. His 1996 book, Only the Paranoid Survive, in which Grove described how companies should deal with new competitors that emerge suddenly and change the fundamental shape of the industry, was widely read. Even with no official title, Grove continued to serve the company as its â€Å"senior adviser. † Intel After Andy Grove: A New Strategic Direction CRAIG BARRETT REPLACED ANDY GROVE AS INTEL’S CEO FROM 1998 TO 2005. You read "System Administrator" in category "Papers" HE WAS ABLE TO PERSUADE THE BOARD IN 2002 TO INVEST $28 BILLION IN THE LATEST MANUFACTURING PLANTS AND TECHNOLOGIES DURING THE LONGEST DOWNTURN IN THE CHIP INDUSTRY’S HISTORY. THE BOARD HAD BEEN WORRIED THAT NEW PLANTS COULD BURDEN THE INTEL WITH OVERCAPACITY IF DEMAND FAILED TO MATERIALIZE. BY 2005, FIVE FACTORIES WERE ABLE TO MAKE 21? 2 TIMES MORE CHIPS THAN THE OLDER-GENERATION FABRICATION PLANTS—1. 25 MILLION CHIPS DAILY. BECAUSE OF THE HUGE COST TO BUILD THIS TYPE OF PLANT, RIVALS TI, AMD, AND IBM EACH HAD ONLY ONE PLANT OF THIS ADVANCED TYPE IN 2006. TI CONCEDED THAT ITS CAPACITY TO PRODUCE THE LATEST-TECHNOLOGY CHIPS WAS LIMITED TO ONLY 250,000 PER DAY. During Barrett’s tenure, the company also invested billions of dollars in businesses outside the computer market that largely failed. In 2001, the firm exited from making cameras and other consumer electronics gear after key customers Dell and Hewlett-Packard (HP) complained that Intel was competing against them. In 2002, Intel took a $100 million charge against earnings when it cancelled its entry into Web hosting. In 2004, Intel attempted to go after Texas Instruments with its version of digital signal processors, a key ingredient in cell phones. Unfortunately, cell-phone manufacturers ignored Intel’s product in favor of those by TI. Industry analysts concluded that Intel had a steep learning curve outside of personal computers. Even with this checkered history outside the PC business, in 2004 CEO Barrett launched an ambitious strategic move. Instead of â€Å"Intel Inside,† the plan was to be â€Å"Intel Everywhere. Under the new strategic plan, Intel would offer chips that would be used in all sorts of applications, including PCs, cell phones, flat-panel TVs, portable video players, wireless home networking, and medical diagnostic equipment. The company targeted 10 new product areas for its chips, primarily in the consumer electronics and communications markets. This plan was based on the movement in multiple industries from an analog to a digital format. According to Barrett, â€Å"Communication is going digital. Entertainment is going digital. We are able to bring our expertise into different areas where we really had no unique capability before. Supporting this announcement, Intel introduced a chip based on a new technology called WiMax that could be used to deliver high-speed wireless Internet access throughout a small city for about $100,000, one-tenth the cost of fiber-optic lines. Competition Heats Up MEANWHILE, INTEL’S PC CHIP BUSINESS WAS RUNNING INTO SOME DIFFICULTY. WHEN, IN 2004, INTEL AND HEWLETT-PACKARD RELEASED THE ITANIUM SERVER CHIP THEY HAD JOINTLY DEVELOPED THREE YEARS EARLIER, CRITICS CALLED IT â€Å"THE ITANIC. † DELIVERED TWO YEARS LATE AT A COST OF $2 BILLION, THE 64-BIT CHIP PERFORMED MORE SLOWLY THAN INTEL’S OWN 32-BIT CHIP AND SEEMED TO HAVE NO FUTURE. IN FEBRUARY 2004, CEO BARRETT ANNOUNCED THAT THE COMPANY WOULD RECONFIGURE ITS 32-BIT XEON CHIP FOR SERVERS AND ITS PENTIUM 4 FOR DESKTOPS SO THAT THEY COULD HANDLE 64-BIT APPLICATIONS. UNFORTUNATELY, ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES (AMD) HAD ALREADY BEGUN SELLING ITS OPTERON SERVER CHIP IN APRIL 2003. THE OPTERON HAD THE CAPABILITY OF RUNNING BOTH 32-BIT AND 64-BIT APPLICATIONS. SURPRISINGLY, INTEL’S JOINT VENTURE PARTNER HP DECIDED TO SELL SERVERS WITH AMD’S OPTERON CHIP ALONG WITH INTEL’S PRODUCTS. BY DECEMBER 2003, AMD HAD OBTAINED 3. 9% OF THE MAINSTREAM SERVER MARKET AND WAS TAKING AIM AT THE PC MARKET AS WELL. Since 2003, AMD’s chips had been faster, used less power, generated less heat, and cost less than did Intel’s. As a result, Intel’s share of the market in servers fell from almost 100% in 2001 to less than 85% in 2006. Its market share in laptop PCs declined from 88% in 2001 to 86% in 2006. Its share in desktops also dropped from 80% in 2000 to 74% in 2006. Dell, the biggest PC maker in terms of sales, decided in May 2006 to abandon its policy of only using Intel chips in its PCs by offering AMD chips in its computer servers. This was a serious blow to Intel’s continued dominance of the market. AMD was able to make a significant dent in Intel’s market share by focusing its limited resources on microprocessors for PCs and servers and letting others supply the remaining chips. When Intel ran into a parts shortage for its desktop PCs in December 2005, AMD quickly dispatched its sales people to fill the void. AMD-based desktop PCs began to dominate the shelves at Best Buy, Circuit City, and other stores. By mid-2006, AMD held a 26% share of the U. S. server chip market and a 48% share of the multi-core processors, which put at least two chips on a single piece of silicon. As a result, AMD’s gross margin of 58. 6% exceeded Intel’s of 55. 1% during the first quarter of 2006. In response, Intel began offering the first in a family of revamped chips called Core 2. These chips used less energy while offering better performance. Intrigued by AMD’s success, industry analysts wondered if AMD would be able to continue offering innovative products without succumbing to the supply problems that had dogged it in the past. Reinventing the Company IN MAY 2005, CRAIG BARRETT TRANSFERRED THE CEO POSITION TO PAUL OTELLINI AND BECAME CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. PAST-PRESIDENT OF INTEL UNDER BARRETT, OTELLINI CONTINUED BARRETT’S STRATEGIC DECISION TO PUSH THE COMPANY INTO MULTIPLE FIELDS WITH NEW CHIP â€Å"PLATFORMS. † PC GROWTH WAS SLOWING. CELLULAR AND HANDHELD DEVICES WERE NOW COMPETING FOR THE PRIMARY SPOT IN PEOPLE’S LIVES. OTELLINI AGREED THAT HE MUST REINVENT INTEL OR FACE A FUTURE OF EVENTUAL DECLINE. THE PC BUSINESS APPEARED TO HAVE REACHED MATURITY. REVENUE GROWTH HAD AVERAGED 13% FROM 2002 TO 2005, BUT ANALYSTS WERE ESTIMATING THAT THE COMPANY’S SALES WOULD ONLY GROW 7% IN 2006 TO $42. BILLION. PROFITS, WHICH HAD BEEN INCREASING ON AVERAGE 40% ANNUALLY FROM 2002 TO 2005, WERE EXPECTED TO RISE ONLY 5% IN 2006 TO $9. 5 MILLION. Ortellini proposed that Intel should not just make PC microprocessors, but should also create many types of chips, as well as software, and then combine them into what he called â€Å"platforms. † Since taking over as CEO, Ortellini had reorganized the company, created busi ness units for each product area, and scattered the processor experts among the units. He added 20,000 people in 2005. Note: Intel’s annual and quarterly reports and SEC filings are available via the company’s web site at www. intel. com. ) Paul Ortellini was the first non-engineer to serve as Intel’s CEO. He put particular emphasis on marketing because he thought that the only way Intel could succeed in new markets was by communicating more clearly what technology could do for customers. This went contrary to the corporate culture in which engineers had been the key players who made ever-faster chips and then let marketers try to sell them. Ortellini created development teams with people having a cross-section of skills. Chip engineers, software developers, marketers, and market specialists now worked together to develop breakthrough innovations. Many engineers were frustrated with the changes and their loss in status. Some of the design specialists who had been working on the Pentium 4 before it was cancelled left Intel for jobs at TI or AMD. Ortellini’s ultimate goal was to provide the manufacturers of everything from laptops and entertainment PCs to cell phones and hospital gear with complete packages of chips and software. The old logo of â€Å"Intel Inside† was to disappear, replaced by an updated Intel logo with a swirl to signify movement and a tagline of â€Å"Leap Ahead. † Meanwhile, the Pentium brand was to be slowly phased out and replaced by Viiv, Centrino, and Core. Intel was on a new path. It was leaving the Grove era behind and moving into uncharted territory. This was not the first time that the company had bet everything on a new strategy. Would Intel succeed with its new strategic direction? How to cite System Administrator, Papers

Gender Equality free essay sample

â€Å"Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is a precondition for meeting the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance. † (Kofi Annan) In Paulette Jiles’s poem, â€Å"Paper Matches† and in Judith Ortiz Cofer’s poem, â€Å"The Changeling† the theme described is gender roles. In the two poems the women do not feel appreciated. These two poems are very similar in theme, content, and figurative language. However, the structures of the two poems are very different. Jiles and Cofer both use symbolism, dialogue, figurative language, and imagery as instruments to reflect the cruelty of the women during these times. In Paper Matches, Jiles uses the simile of a match to display the irritation and anger of the gender roles forced when she was a child. Matches are tiny, insignificant items that are sold in packages, and one is interchangeable from another. They have no use unless they’re lit; theyre only good for one flame. Those men who are chiefly â€Å" responsible† for torturing and dominating women. THOSE men who consider women their doormats and THOSE men who fear that WOMENS LIBERATION will only lead to their devastation. The Indian constitution and legislative framework grants women and men equal rights. In the eyes of the law, they are supposedly on par. But look around- is that truly happening? Do men and women in India, indeed share equal rights Despite the incalculable number of guarantees and safeguards, doesn’t gender inequality in India still remain a distressing reality? As John-Thor Dahlburg in his book, points out, in rural India, the centuries-old practice of female infanticide can still be considered a wise course of action. In the nearly 300 poor hamlets of the Usilampatti area of Tamil Nadu [state], as many as 196 girls died under suspicious circumstances [in 1993] Some were fed dry, unhulled rice that punctured their windpipes, or were made to swallow poisonous powdered fertilizer. Others were smothered with a wet towel, strangled or allowed to starve to death,† WE HAVE NO ONE BUT OURSELVES TO BLAME FOR THIS genocide, or in this case, GENDERCIDE. female infanticide reflec ts the low status accorded to women in many societies around the world. The burden of taking a woman into the family accounts for the high dowry rates in India which, in turn, have led to an epidemic female infanticide. In conclusion, I would just like to say that- why do we even have this gender sensitization? Why should there be any difference between a boy coming up on stage and participating in this competition, or me- as a girl- expressing my views on this issue? I don’t think there would be any ‘ biased judgement’ just because HE is a boy and I am a girl. Why do people even look at him as a HE and her as a SHE when it is WE who makes society? The day when every Indian citizens eyes will shimmer with happiness and not despair when he holds his new born girl child in his arms, the day when we WOMEN can walk freely on the streets without feeling threatened- that is the day when we can say-â€Å" gender equality is no longer a pipe dream† till then we all need to get out of our world of fantasy- we need to realize that to secure womens rights, women need to stand up in society and fight for their own cause.

Introduction And Trends In Transport Tourism Essay Example

Introduction And Trends In Transport Tourism Essay Recent old ages have seen a rise in auto use as disposable income has increased per family and motoring costs have non risen significantly so as a consequence this has led to more autos on our roads. On the other manus public conveyance costs have increased and a turning figure of people do non see public conveyance as a feasible option for their day-to-day commute to work. Since the early 1970s the mean distance people travel per twelvemonth has increased by 50 % ( DfT, 2009 ) . Within Northern Ireland the auto is really popular with 78 % of families in Northern Ireland holding entree to a auto and 33 % holding entree to two or more autos. The Good Friday Agreement was signed in 1998 and the new executive set about to present a Regional Transport Strategy that would relieve the jobs in Northern Irelands conveyance system which included jobs such as conveyance disadvantage and societal exclusion. The RTS was a 10 twelvemonth program introduced in 2002 with support, policies and sugge sted solutions to Northern Irelands conveyance job. Along with the RTS a Regional Development Strategy 2025 was set up in 2001 to help the authorities in long-run policy way. It was subsequently amended in 2008 to cover up until 2035. Transport disadvantage and societal exclusion have been a job peculiarly in rural countries of Northern Ireland as there was a deficiency of support and involvement from policy shapers. The RTS and RDS together included a committedness to create an accessible countryside with a antiphonal conveyance web that meets the demands of the rural community ( RDS for NI 2025, 2002 ) . The auto has become indispensable to people populating in rural countries as without it they would experience socially excluded, 38 % in the East and 36 % of people in the West of Northern Ireland owned two or more autos compared to Belfast where it was merely 18 % ( Travel Survey for Northern Ireland 2008 -2010 ) . Belfast evidently has better entree to public conveyance than rural countries within Northern Ireland due to a larger sum of investing such as the really successful Translink Metro service which in 2010 had a 30 % addition in backing from when the service began in 2005. Regional Transport Strategy 2002-2012 We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction And Trends In Transport Tourism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction And Trends In Transport Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction And Trends In Transport Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Regional Transport Strategies purpose is to develop a sustainable conveyance system for Northern Ireland. The RTS supports the thought of places being built near occupations to cut down the demand for travel ; these countries are known as bunchs. By turning the population of Belfast there would be less people going in and out of Belfast which consequences in more route infinite and greater handiness to the metropolis. The RTS besides focused on undertaking congestion and cut downing every twenty-four hours journey times. By puting in Northern Irelands conveyance web the RTS set out to better bing conveyance substructure e.g. the new Class 4000 trains brought into service by Translink late. Policies introduced by the RTS include ; Bus replacing programme ( more modern coachs with greater entree for the handicapped ) Rolling stock replacing programme. RTF ( Rural Transport Fund ) to cut down societal exclusion in rural countries. Land usage policies. Regional Development Strategy 2035 The RDS purposes to supply long-run policy way and influences the Programme for Government ( PfT ) . One of the chief purposes of the RDS is to better connectivity between towns and metropoliss across Northern Ireland. This would let for better entree to concern chances and supply greater entree to services for local communities. Road and rail infinite demands to be decently managed for illustration route infinite can be made available by traveling people more expeditiously by supplying an attractive public conveyance option. The RDS references that the debut of more park and sit sites will promote automobilists to utilize the coach or train on their commute to work while cut downing traffic volumes, this has been really popular in and around Belfast e.g. Cairnshill Park and Ride. With a huge decrease in public outgo some of the purposes of both the RTS and RDS will be difficult to implement and some hard determinations will hold to be made in the close hereafter. Criticism of the RTS and RDS There are a figure of factors that would let the RTS to be genuinely sustainable such as really supplying automobilists with an attractive option to the auto. It would besides brace and so cut down traffic volumes. Congestion has increased since 2002 and continues to turn. Transport poorness still exists and the two schemes have failed to profit those who neither have a auto or an equal option. Public conveyance remains expensive and is expected to farther addition over the coming old ages. A study by Friends of the Earth ( FOE ) in 2002 stated that the proposed 65 % :35 % support split in favor of roads is reversed in favor of public conveyance. The RDS recognises that Northern Ireland relies excessively much on the route web and that this is non sustainable. The auto has many advantages as it offers a degree of independency to the driver that presently the public conveyance system in Northern Ireland can non supply but the harm to the environment and support to increase or keep the route web is unsustainable. The Impacts of Transport Disadvantage One of the chief purposes of the RTS is to convey communities together through a good conveyance substructure. Transport disadvantage and societal exclusion are non needfully ever related with each other as illustrated by Lucas ( 2012 ) as a individual may be socially excluded but have entree to transport or hold no entree to transport but non be socially excluded. Besides Lucas ( 2012 ) states that both transport disadvantage and societal exclusion straight and indirectly led to transport poorness. The diagram below illustrates some of the connexions between societal and transport disadvantage ; Life-size image ( 84 K ) Beginning: Lucas. 2012. Science Direct. [ ONLINE ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X12000145. [ Accessed 28 November 12 ] . Communities can go stray because of conveyance disadvantage as they are non near to goods or services. Families with low incomes can non afford to hold a big proportion of their income spent on running a auto ; nevertheless some households are prepared to buy a auto as they see it as their lone option. Groups Affected by Transport Disadvantage There are legion groups of people affected by conveyance disadvantage such as the aged. Hine and Mitchell ( 2003 ) recognises that certain groups in peculiar face troubles in accessing conveyance and that this leads towards societal exclusion, these groups include the aged, people enduring from sick wellness and adult females. The labour authorities in 1997 set up a Social Exclusion Unit to look at the jobs that exist in society. In 2003 the Social Exclusion Unit identified countries that made public conveyance unaccessible to certain societal groups such as deficiency of safety, disbursal and deficiency of rider information. The undermentioned groups are a few illustrations of those that suffer from conveyance disadvantage and societal exclusion: Aged As people get older they become less nomadic and their entree to a auto decreases as a consequence going dependent on public conveyance or relations to help them. As a consequence of being less nomadic aged people in general brand fewer trips than they would hold when they were younger. However Public conveyance may non be an attractive option for the aged as in 2008 39 % of persons aged 70+ reported holding jobs walking or utilizing a coach ( DfT 2008 ) . Young Peoples Peoples under the age of 17 are non eligible to use for a drive license, so they are reliant on their parents or public conveyance. In 2008 62 % of journeys made by kids under the age of 16 were as a auto rider ( drdni 2008 ) . Public conveyance can be expensive for immature people and they tend to utilize public conveyance merely when it is necessary. There is a deficiency of handiness of public conveyance to immature people and this affects their societal lives, their instruction and future employment chances. Womans There are a lower figure of adult females in the UK that hold a valid drive license compared to work forces. The National Travel Survey 2010 carried out in England, Scotland and Wales showed that 80 % of males held a valid drive license and 66 % of females held a license. Besides the National Travel Survey 2010 stated that work forces travel much further than adult females but yearly adult females make more trips. By and large adult females have the primary duty for child care so are non transposing to work every twenty-four hours. However when a adult female and kid do travel they require a greater sum of infinite in order to entree a manner of conveyance. Groups That Are Ill Located Northern Ireland has 34.7 % of the entire population life in rural countries and 20.5 % of these people do non have a auto ( NIEL 2009 ) . The people in these countries rely on public conveyance if it s available but services are non frequent plenty and frequently non accessible to those who are in most demand of them. Disabled Disabled people require a greater sum of infinite when they travel and public conveyance is required to supply equal infinite for the handicapped but the diagram below illustrates the troubles they have faced when utilizing public conveyance and taxis. Beginning: ( Equality committee NI 2001 ) Low Income Groups Very hapless households can be classified in this group and are frequently households who have suffered unemployment over coevalss. These households frequently can non afford a auto and public conveyance may be accessible but they are limited in their usage of the service as it is excessively expensive. Car ownership is really low among low income groups ensuing in societal exclusion as they are unable to use for certain occupations or entree other services. Policy Impacts and Decisions The RTS set out to present certain policies such as bettering conveyance substructure and by 2012 43 new trains have been introduced on all of Northern Ireland railroad lines with all the older trains now out of service. The Larne, Derry, Bangor and Portadown lines are still to the full operational with backing staying high with 77.25 million rider journeys on Translinks services ( coach and rail ) over the period of 2011-12. The mean bus age of Ulsterbus and Metro is less than eight old ages with the bulk of coachs being accessible to handicapped people. Presently a Rapid Transit System for Belfast is under consideration and will be introduced in the coming old ages. Groups that suffer from conveyance disadvantage will profit from policies such as the debut of the Rural Transport fund and the debut of new turn overing stock as services will be more dependable. Disabled people will profit from the new coachs and trains being more accessible but merely if the services are accessible to them in the first topographic point. Surely in Belfast the handicapped and aged people have benefited since the debut of the RTS and RDS but rural countries have still been left behind. The thought of constellating towns and metropoliss seems to be the manner frontward as it is impossible to finance frequent and accessible services in more rural countries. Bibliography The National Travel Survey for Northern Ireland 2010, Department for Transport. Regional Development Strategy 2035, Department for Regional Development. Regional Transport Strategy 2002-2012, Department for Regional Development. Runing On Empty 2004, Karen Lucas Investigating links between conveyance disadvantage, societal exclusion and wellbeing in Melbourne-Preliminary consequences, Karen Lucas Sustainable Transport Report 2009, NIEL Regional Transport Strategy 2011, A Sustainable Transport Future, DRDNI Planing Policy Statement 13, Transportation and Land Use Transport Disadvantage and Social Exclusion, 2003 Regional Transport Strategy, Reverse Transport Spending, Friends of the Earth 2002

Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy

Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy Additional comments These are additional comments whai are based on the digital and social media strategy presented to Sidra Company. Generally, this strategy is developed to assist Sidra in enhancing efficiency in its operations by increasing contact with customers and employees through social media interaction. This is an important strategy due to the increase in the Internet usage and subscription.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, the strategy is important because customers and employees use the social media frequently, which makes digital and social media the best place to communicate with employees and customers freely and easily. Additionally, digital and social media strategy will enable the company to enhance public relations because it will provide the organization with the possibliity to respond quickly to inquiries from cl ients. It will also enable the company to conduct reliable and quality survey research based on customer feedback (Wasserman and Kibani 67). How to secure the social media accounts The use of technology is on the rise, this has led to negativity and an increase in hacking. Several companies and individuals have been victims of hacking, which affects the operation of business organizations in the social media networks. The organization should make it a priority to secure the social media accounts to verify that customers and clients trust their communication through online channels. There are several methods that the company may use to secure its social media accounts, for instance, assigning a specific employee the duty to manage the accounts. Social media accounts should be managed by one person in the organization to ensure the administrator of the page is the only person who knows the password. This will protect the password from easy access by unauthorized persons. Secondly, cre ating a sign in seal will also improve safety of the account. Additionally, sign ins from other devices whach are not authorized by the organization should be detected and alerts ahould be sent to the administrators account. These will certify the safety of the accounts (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 73). How to integrate social media with website contents Integration of the social media and website should be a priority for the organization. Integrating social media with the website content increases traffic and communication in social media. We will design and integrate social media icons on the website that will lead to the official social media pages of the organization.Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will enable clients and other interested parties to easily interact with the company from their official social media accounts and pages. We will also desi gn a page section displaying recent and important communication from the social media to enable customers who visit the website to view the trending topics about the organization on the social media (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 81). Social media account set up Setting up a social media account is challenging because customers communicate with the company using Arabic and English. Social media accounts allow communication in any language because translation is available using Google. Therefore, the organization will have to register with Google to be on Google maps, and enable the administrator to use Google translator to translate any communication from other languages he or she does not understand well. Moreover, liaising with other social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook will be important because it will enable the organization to gain authority to use icons and logos of these social media sites on the organizational website. Generally, the organization has to subscribe wit h Google affiliate and other social media companies as a business, thus it will be required to incorporate their icons and logos on the companys website to enable easy access and communication between the company, employees and customers, as well as among other stakeholders (Wasserman and Kibani 28). Engagement with audience Monitoring engagement with the target audience on the social media is a challenge that most people face and companies is not an exaption. Companies use social media networks as a way of enhancing efficiency in operation. Similarly, Sidra intends to increase efficiency in operating by improving communication with customers, employees and other stakeholders. We require a program that monitors traffic on the site and social media sites, account and pages of the company to record engagement with clients.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Sidra Digital and Social Media Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn M ore Determining the level of engagement with the target audience is important because it will enable the organization to evaluate the impact of the digital and social media strategy that is in use. Moreover, it will enable the organization to easily review the impact of the strategy and make relevant and necessary changes to maintain quality operations (Wasserman and Kibani 94). Response to feedbacks Using social media sites is challenging because clients may post positive as well as negative feedbacks. These are important to the development and growth of the company sinse complany will be able to adapt to clienss demands and thus improve its services. Furthermore, quality improvement is based on the feedback given by customers. It is easy for customers to provide feedback through social media communication. The administrator of the account should respond to both positive and negative feedback. It should be the priority of the organization responding to negative feedbacks. R esponse to negative feedbacks is a credit to an organization because it is an easy way to clarify on the issues. We will install a program that filters negative and positive feedback to ensure that the administrator of the account easily views the communication in categories. Negative feedback should be responded first to establish clarity and enhance public relations with the clients. It is a negative feedback that can affect the operation of the organization, therefore, they require prompt response to maintain good relations with the customers and the general public, while enhancing efficiency and increasing levels of returns. This plan will enable the administrator to respond to both positive and negative feedback appropriately. Moreover, we will develop specific responses to some feedback to assure timely response. Responses such as ‘thank you’, ‘you will receive a response from the administrator’, and ‘thank you for contacting us’ among ot hers (Wasserman and Kibani 103). How to address concentration on a specific social media account or site Traffic and use of social media sites depend on the preferences of the customers and the target group. However, the organization will have to subscribe to an account with the available social media companies. This will enable the company to address the needs and concern of all customers across the region. It is likely that the social media site that has the highest number of subscribers who are the customers of the organization will lead to active activities and communication between the customers and the organization. However, the most common social media sites used by organizations in communicating with clients and its employees are Twitter and Facebook (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 38).Advertising Looking for proposal on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The organization may notice over concentration on a specific social media account, for example, Twitter. This can be a challenging situation for the organization. Basically, before implementing this strategy the employees must undergo training on how to integrate this new way of operation into the normal operating method and techniques. Receiving more response from the target group from Twitter than Facebook will be an evidence for the organization that a large number of the target group are actually subscribed to Twitter. This will enable the organization to increase its activity on Twitter account to cinch prompt response to inquiries that need quick reply from the organization. Furthermore, the organization will therefore have to encourage its employees to use Twitter to enhance communication with the customers (Wasserman and Kibani 75). Examples of social media contents The digital and social media strategy that the organization intends to initiate and implement targets differen t regions of the globe. Social media sites enable organizations to interact with customers across the globe. This will compel the company to make sure that the contents of the social media being used are relevant to the target group. The groups that we target are from the European region, Africa, Middle East and Asia among others. Regions such as Canada, Europe and America are not aware of Sidra. Therefore, the media content shared with these regions will focus on informing them more about the organization to enhance their understanding and knowledge. Although countries in the Middle East are aware of Sidra, they are ignorant of social media. Therefore the contents we share with the customers in this region will be educating them on the importance of using social media and encouraging them to increase subscription to social media (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 118). Marketing plan Marketing is the process that organizations use to inform customers of their new, existing, and future pro ducts. Organizations require an effective marketing plan to guarantee addressing the needs of customers as soon as possible. As a company, we will recommend Sidra to establish an effective marketing plan to ascertain that this strategy is appropriately and effectively implemented. Establishment of an effective marketing plan will require Sidra to conduct extensive research, which will require the services of specialized marketers. As a company, we cannot offer a marketing plan for the organization, but provide a strategy and it is upon the organization to decide on the company to seek services based on their financial strength. Therefore, the cost of the marketing plan will depend on the provider that Sidra decides to seek services from (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 110). Engagement with influencers Influencers will play an important role in ensuring that the strategy is successfully implemented in the organization. Sidra will engage with them directly to build a direct association. T he influencers that Sidra will engage with directly will be the social marketing agencies in Europe, Canada and America to increase awareness about the organization (Wasserman and Kibani 43). Ketchum Company input and contributions We, as the organization in charge of developing the strategy, assure Sidra quality services due to the nature of our business and experience in offering such services. We have a good monitoring system that enables the organization to successfully evaluate and supervise the strategy. Our system will enable the organization to communicate with customers in any language. Communication with any language via the support services will be possible through integration of the Google translator in the system. Moreover, the storage capacity we offer will enable the organization to store reports for the purposes of weekly, quarterly and annual status checking. Additionally, our program will assist the company in establishing a strategy to aid in client reviews, onlin e status reports and conference calls (Erik, Muntinga and Moorman 107). Erik, Cambria, Daniel Muntinga and Smit Moorman. Principles and Practice of Marketing. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. Wasserman, Todd and Shama Kibani. Contemporary Marketing Strategies: Digital and Social Media. London: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print.

The Council of Nicea and the Arian Controversy

The Council of Nicea and the Arian Controversy The Arian controversy (not to be confused with the Indo-Europeans known as Aryans) was a discourse that occurred in the Christian church of the 4th century CE, that threatened to upend the meaning of the church itself. The Christian church, like the Judaic church before it, was committed to monotheism: all the Abrahamic religions say there is only one God. Arius (256–336 CE), a fairly obscure scholar and presbyter at Alexandria and originally from Libya, is said to have argued that the incarnation of Jesus Christ threatened that monotheistic status of the Christian church, because he was not of the same substance as God, instead a creature made by God and so capable of vice. The Council of Nicea was called, in part, to resolve this issue. The Council of Nicea The first council of Nicea (Nicaea) was the first ecumenical council of the Christian church, and it lasted between May and August, 325 CE. It was held in Nicea, Bithynia (in Anatolia, modern Turkey), and a total of 318 bishops attended, according to the records of the bishop at Nicea, Athanasius (bishop from 328–273). The number 318 is a symbolic number for the Abrahamic religions: basically, there would be one participant at Nicea to represent each of the members of the Biblical Abrahams household. The Nicean council had three goals: to resolve the Melitian controversy- which was over the readmission to the Church of lapsed Christians,to establish how to calculate the date of Easter each year, andto settle matters stirred up by Arius, the presbyter at Alexandria. Athanasius (296–373 CE) was an important fourth-century Christian theologian and one of the eight great Doctors of the Church. He was also the major, albeit polemical and biased, contemporary source we have on the beliefs of Arius and his followers. Athanasius interpretation was followed by the later Church historians Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret. Church Councils When Christianity took hold in the Roman Empire, the doctrine had yet to be fixed. A council is an assembly of theologians and church dignitaries called together to discuss the doctrine of the church. There have been 21 councils of what became the Catholic Church- 17 of them occurred before 1453). The problems of interpretation (part of the doctrinal issues), emerged when theologians tried to rationally explain the simultaneously divine and human aspects of Christ. This was especially difficult to do without resorting to pagan concepts, in particular having more than one divine being. Once the councils had determined such aspects of doctrine and heresy, as they did in the early councils, they moved on to church hierarchy and behavior. The Arians were not opponents of the orthodox position because orthodoxy had yet to be defined. Opposing Images of God At heart, the controversy in front of the church was how to fit Christ into the religion as a divine figure without disrupting the notion of monotheism. In the 4th century, there were several possible ideas that would account for that. The Sabellians (after the Libyan Sabellius) taught that there was a single entity, the prosÃ… pon, made up of God the Father and Christ the Son.The Trinitarian Church fathers, Bishop Alexander of Alexandria and his deacon, Athanasius, believed there were three persons in one god (Father, Son, Holy Spirit).The Monarchianists believed in only one indivisible being. These included Arius, who was presbyter in Alexandria under the Trinitarian bishop, and Eusebius, Bishop of Nicomedia (the man who coined the term oecumenical council and who had estimated participation at a substantially lower and more realistic attendance of 250 bishops). When Alexander accused Arius of denying the second and third person of the Godhead, Arius accused Alexander of Sabellian tendencies. Homo Ousion vs. Homoi Ousion The sticking point at the Nicene Council was a concept found nowhere in the Bible: homoousion. According to the concept of homo ousion, Christ the Son was consubstantial- the word is the Roman translation from the Greek, and it means that there was no difference between the Father and the Son. Arius and Eusebius disagreed. Arius thought the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were materially separate from each other, and that the Father created the Son as a separate entity: the argument hinged on the birth of Christ to a human mother. Here is a passage from a letter Arian wrote to Eusebius: (4.) We are not able to listen to these kinds of impieties, even if the heretics threaten us with ten thousand deaths. But what do we say and think and what have we previously taught and do we presently teach? - that the Son is not unbegotten, nor a part of an unbegotten entity in any way, nor from anything in existence, but that he is subsisting in will and intention before time and before the ages, full God, the only-begotten, unchangeable. (5.) Before he was begotten, or created, or defined, or established, he did not exist. For he was not unbegotten. But we are persecuted because we have said the Son has a beginning but God has no beginning. We are persecuted because of that and for saying he came from non-being. But we said this since he is not a portion of God nor of anything in existence. That is why we are persecuted; you know the rest. Arius and his followers, the Arians, believed if the Son were equal to the Father, there would be more than one God: but Christianity had to be a monotheistic religion, and Athanasius believed that by insisting Christ was a separate entity, Arius was taking the church into mythology or worse, polytheism. Further, opposing Trinitarians believed that making Christ a subordinate to God diminished the importance of the Son. Wavering Decision of Constantine At the Nicean council, the Trinitarian bishops prevailed, and the Trinity was established as the core of the Christian church. Emperor Constantine (280–337 CE), who may or may not have been a Christian at the time- Constantine was baptized shortly before he died, but had made Christianity the official state religion of the Roman Empire by the time of the Nicean council- intervened. The decision of the Trinitarians made Ariuss questions heresy akin to revolt, so Constantine exiled the excommunicated Arius to Illyria (modern Albania). Constantines friend and Arian-sympathizer Eusebius, and a neighboring bishop, Theognis, were also exiled- to Gaul (modern France). In 328, however, Constantine reversed his opinion about the Arian heresy and had both exiled bishops reinstated. At the same time, Arius was recalled from exile. Eusebius eventually withdrew his objection, but still wouldnt sign the statement of faith. Constantines sister and Eusebius worked on the emperor to obtain reinstatement for Arius, and they would have succeeded, if Arius hadnt suddenly died- by poisoning, probably, or, as some prefer to believe, by divine intervention. After Nicea Arianism regained momentum and evolved (becoming popular with some of the tribes that were invading the Roman Empire, like the Visigoths) and survived in some form until the reigns of Gratian and Theodosius, at which time, St. Ambrose (c. 340–397) set to work stamping it out. But the debate by no means was over in the 4th century. Debate continued into the fifth century and beyond, with: ... confrontation between the Alexandrian school, with its allegorical interpretation of scripture and its emphasis on the one nature of the divine Logos made flesh, and the Antiochene school, which favoured a more literal reading of scripture and stressed the two natures in Christ after the union. (Pauline Allen, 2000) Anniversary of the Nicene Creed August 25, 2012, marked the 1687th anniversary of the creation of the upshot of the Council of Nicea, an initially controversial document cataloging the basic beliefs of Christians the Nicene Creed. Sources Allen, Pauline. The definition and enforcement of orthodoxy. Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, A.D. 425–600. Eds. Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins, and Michael Whitby. Cambridge University Press, 2000.Barnes, T. D. Constantine and the Christians of Persia. The Journal of Roman Studies 75 (1985): 126–36. Print.. Constantines Prohibition of Pagan Sacrifice. The American Journal of Philology 105.1 (1984): 69–72. Print.Curran, John. Constantine and the Ancient Cults of Rome: The Legal Evidence. Greece and Rome 43.1 (1996): 68–80. Print.Edwards, Mark. The First Council of Nicaea. The Cambridge History of Christianity: Volume 1: Origins to Constantine. Eds. Young, Frances M. and Margaret M. Mitchell. Vol. 1. Cambridge History of Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. 552–67. Print.Grant, Robert M. Religion and Politics at the Council at Nicaea. The Journal of Religion 55.1 (1975): 1–12. Print.Gwynn, David M. The Eusebians : The Polemic of Athanasius of Alexandria and the Construction of the Arian Controversy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. . Religious Diversity in Late Antiquity. Archaeology and the ‘Arian Controversy’ in the Fourth Century. Brill, 2010. 229. Print.Hanson, R.P.C. The Search for the Christian Doctrine of God: The Arian Controversy, 318–381. London: TT Clark.Jà ¶rg, Ulrich. Nicaea and the West. Vigiliae Christianae 51.1 (1997): 10–24. Print.

The case of The Office of Fair Trading vs Abbey National Plc & Others Literature review

The case of The Office of Fair Trading vs Abbey National Plc & Others - Literature review Example The appeal starts by Lord Walker. In The appeal, the Supreme court was to give a verdict as whether the OFT should go ahead and undertake investigations to find out if the charges â€Å"the Banks†, which were the appellants, made for unauthorized overdrafts by their customers were fair. At the moment, banks provided retail banking services on grounds that customers’ accounts that lend the bank money are excluded from paying charges to the bank for services offered. Customers whose accounts had authorized overdrafts only paid charges for the money they borrow â€Å"the Banks†. Customers whose accounts had unauthorized overdrafts, however, paid interest on money borrowed besides paying fixed fees for every service they received from â€Å"the banks†. The Office of Fair Trading holds investigative powers on consumer contracts’ fairness terms. The power of the Office of Fair Trading, however, has limitations bound to it. The limitations stipulated in th e Unfair Contract Terms, in Consumer Regulations 1999. The Unfair Contract Terms, in Consumer Regulations 1999, implemented European Council Directive 93/13/EEC. The directives help protect customers and ensure a favorable business environment for fair trading. OFT has the mandate on undertaking this. The provisions regulation 6 (2) (b) give way for evaluate trading activities of a business enterprise or organization. OFT scrutinizes the activities so as to determine the level of fairness of the activities. The OFT scrutinizes contracts and customer satisfaction to determine their fairness. In the case the court of appeal did hold the point of exclusion in the case only to the contracts’ â€Å"core terms†. The court excluded ancillary terms as charges for unauthorized overdrafts on reasons that the charges were within the exclusion. The charges, according to the court, were part of the charges for banking services provided. At first instance ([2008] EWHC 875 (Comm), an d in the Court of Appeal, OFT was successful. Under the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999, the Office of Fair Trading wished to conduct an investigation on â€Å"the Banks’† relevant terms in their contracts with customers by imposing charges on customers whose accounts had unauthorized overdrafts. The Office of Fair Trade hold mandate to undertake the investigation, notwithstanding regulation 6 (2) (b).The decision of both the High Court and the Court of Appeal that regulation 6 (2) (b) could not deter the OFT from doing the investigation made â€Å"the banks† to file appeal. Lord Walker emphasized the lack of decision on the fairness of the system of charging current account customers with unauthorized overdrafts. The court could only decide on the investigative mandate of the OFT (para 3). Lord Mance reaffirmed the investigative roles of OFT (para 61). Determining whether charges were consisted ‘cost and revenue’ as against â₠¬Ëœthe goods or services distributed in exchange’ within the meaning of the Regulations was the main point to decide on. First, charges were ‘in exchange’ for the transactions to which they relate should the customer have inadequate funds to do so (Para 75). Secondly, regulation 6 (2) (b) no longer had a standing to the â€Å"ancillary† charges in the binding form (Paras 38-41, 47, 78, 112)1. In his reasoning, Lord Mance stated that, if in case the contracts were to serve as the package, then the charges levied would be fair. He further states that the charges

Art work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Art work - Essay Example It belongs to the Metropolitan museum of Art. The credit line to this piece of art belongs to George A. Hearn Fund, 1957. Judging from this piece, I get to realize that Jackson Pollock was a prime champion of his time.by standing before this abstract painting and many others that he has done, one can observe his level of fineness. One immediately realizes that he was the greatest painter America ever produced. My attraction and appreciation of this piece shows my love for abstract painting. My desire to produce such fine work is engraved to the feeling of desire to achieve the levels of success that Jackson did. It also shows my belief in expressing emotions efficiently through abstract painting. The metropolitan museum of art. Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) Jackson Pollock  (American, Cody, Wyoming 1912–1956 East Hampton, New York): retrieved from http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/210009206. Retrieved on

Living in Families Essay Example for Free

Living in Families Essay How does the average person view the common family? In the picture of â€Å"a happy family† on commercials, conflict and hatred are replaced with sweetness and adoration – qualities that are apparent on the family members’ smiling faces. Pure happy days are simply not realistic. In real life, families have good reason to frown occasionally, which leads to a statement by the author Willa Cather about a family relationship. She comments that the seed of the family conflict is from the clash of each members’ individual personality, or identity. As one builds own identity, there is no choice but to struggle for appealing his or her ego to other family members; even though they are a family who is supposed to understand and concede to one another, ideally speaking. Cather also says that family members pursue the sense of security from mutual existence, and they want to eschew from the restraint and infringe on individual privacy at the same time.      Ã‚  Three works of literature which support Willa Cather’s idea about family relationships are: â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing† by Tillie Olsen, â€Å"Two Kinds† by Amy Tan, and â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin. Through the eyes of these characters, we can see how the development of identity causes conflicts between family members. Ironically, they continue to pull away from each other even though they need each other. We should explore how the characters get over the â€Å"tragic necessity† (Cather 107-120).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though the main conflict in â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing† doesn’t seem to appear on the surface the author shows that the conflict occurs inside narrator’s mind. When the narrator has Emily, her daughter, she â€Å"is nineteen and it is the pre-relief, pre-WPA world of the depression† (341).   Living in the new era as a nineteen-year-old single mother, she has to confront her new identity. In other words, there is a struggle between two identities inside her, as an individual who tries to survive in tough circumstance and as a mother who tries to love her daughter. As she confesses that she â€Å"was a distracted mother† (345), her unstable identity does not allow her to take superior care of Emily. This is the situation which Cather referred to as a â€Å"double life† (107-120). The narrator has suffered from â€Å"the real life that stamps the faces and gives character to the voices of our friends† (Cather 107-120).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In laborious circumstances, her only family, Emily, is the reason why she is still alive, but also the burden from which she wants to escape. This is shown in â€Å"what was in my face when I looked at her,† the scene in which she realizes her frown face at her daughter saying â€Å"there were all the acts of love† (341). Because of her desperate fate, the narrator unconsciously tries â€Å"pulling away from† her daughter even though she â€Å"seeks† to feel (Cather 107-120) maternal affection for Emily. This irony is represented by Cather’s idea of â€Å"the tragic necessity of human life† (107-120).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At the end of the story, the narrator shows her will to finish the conflict she has endured. According to Emily who never believed herself to be special, finds her identity and path, which concludes with her mother lightening the pressure about being a role of breeder by â€Å"letting her be† (345).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Contrary to â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing,† the main conflict between family members in â€Å"Two Kinds† is revealed clearly; it is about the relationship between a mother and daughter. The peculiarity of this story is that the basis of the conflict is a clash of two different cultures, which can be interpreted as a clash of two identities; the Chinese mother who wants â€Å"obedient daughter† and the Americanized daughter, named Mei, who wants to â€Å"follow her own heart† (353). Her mother’s wishful thinking is clear on this quote; â€Å"you can be anything you want to be† (346), which means actually â€Å"you can be anything I want you to be.† This attitude is very different from the mother’s attitude in â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing.† On contrary to â€Å"letting her be† (345), Mei’s mother keeps pushing her daughter to do what she wants, not what her daughter wants – this is Mei’s mother’s personality. Mei’s response is:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"I won’t be what I’m not† (348). As a result, the conflict in this story is caused by the clash of individual identities, as Cather describes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, the trouble reaches a peak at their quarrel following the piano recital. In this scene, Mei pretends to â€Å"pull away† (Cather 107-120) from her mother by saying â€Å"the magic words† (353). What Mei says was not from the bottom of her heart: it could be seen when Mei gets the piano as â€Å"a sign of forgiveness† (353), she â€Å"feels proud, as if it were a shiny trophy† (354). In other words, she cannot deny that she misses her family even though she wants to get away from them. After all, the daughter seeks to get out of the â€Å"tragic necessity† (Cather 107-120) by realizing that the two piano pieces â€Å"pleading child† and â€Å"perfectly contented† (354) is one song, which means that the pleading child has become perfectly contented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Compared to the other two works above, the conflict in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† occurs between a sibling relationship, not between parent and child relationship as in the preceding examples. The origin of the conflict is the same; the clash of identities. At the beginning of the story, the fact that the narrator, Sonny’s brother, gets Sonny’s news from the newspaper shows that the relationship between two brothers is not secure; their relationship as a family has already been â€Å"pulled away† (Cather 107-120). The reason why they have been separated from each other for a long time was the lack of comprehension of the other’s individual personality. To overcome â€Å"the darkness outside† (384), which describes the discrimination in that era, both brother have to develop their identities which helps them as they endure hardships. Unfortunately, the identities they developed are very different; the narrator is practical and conservative, and Sonny is emotional and unconventional.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The clash of the identities has divided the brothers and causes Sonny to pursue â€Å"escaping, running away, and trying to break the net† (Cather 107-120) which leads to his addiction to heroin. In fact, Sonny â€Å"had always been a good boy† (377) as a member of the family. In his subconscious, he had â€Å"another secret, passionate and intense† (Cather 107-120). Though the narrator tries to care for Sonny in order to fulfill the promise made to his mother, He cannot understand Sonny’s â€Å"another† (Cather 107-120) aspect. This conflict is the reason why they keep pulling away each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nevertheless, at the end of story, they get back together with perfect comprehension. Listening to Sonny’s play, the narrator â€Å"understands, at last† (398), his brother’s identity and why they were pulling away from each other; he realizes that the root of the conflict the brothers had was not because of Sonny’s rebellion but of his own misunderstanding of the suffering Sonny has endured. The brothers prepare to overcome the â€Å"tragic necessity,† which initially separated them, with â€Å"a Scotch and milk† (399) in the end.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, through the analysis of the three works of literature, Willa Cather’s idea of â€Å"the double life† and â€Å"tragic necessity of human relationship† (107-120) can be seen as a universal theme in various stories. The development of identity causes the conflicts between family members, and the irony is that they continue to pull away from each other even though they need each. In Cather’s view, family members have a chance to overcome the conflicts they have had, as demonstrated by the narrator of â€Å"I Stand Here Ironing,† Mei from â€Å"Two Kinds,† and Sonny’s brother from â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. Each character gets the better of his or her own conflicts to a certain extent. As they should; families are supposed to stick together. References Cather, Willa.   Katherine Mansfield.   Willa Cather on Writing. Lincoln, NE:   University of Nebraska Press, 1988.   107-120. Schilb, John, and Clifford, John. Making Literature Matter. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006

World War One the most Important cause of the March Revolution :: WWI WW1

Was World War One the most Important cause of the March Revolution? Nicholas II the eldest son of Alexander III and the Tsar of Russia was born at Krasnoye Selo in May 1868. Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until his abdication in 1917. Nicholas II signed his abdication on 15 March 1917 after the Russian Army High Command recommended it. There are many reasons why Nicholas abdicated including, the financial state of the country, its wide and varied population and their dissatisfaction with the way the country was being ruled. As Russia was already in a weak state and the people had been suffering for many years, the First World War proved the last straw for the Russian people and whilst was possibly not the most important cause was certainly the trigger or catalyst for the March Revolution and Nicholas’ abdication. When The Russian army entered WWI they were huge but poorly led and very badly equipped, there were not enough guns for everyone. They just had lost the war with Japan so heavy casualties meant loss of morale and spirit yet they were expected to go into war again. To make up for the losses in Japan they had to recruit peasants for their army. In a backward country with little money there would have been no chance to train the peasants to be effective soldiers. Their equipment and method of fighting was also no match for the German Army. The Russian’s were trained in charging at the enemy with bayonets, the German troops had machine guns. As a result of this, whilst the Russians were defending the German attack on Poland, half their army was destroyed. Going into a war with such little chance of winning, did nothing to make the Russian people respect Nicholas. The decision that Tsar Nicholas II took in August 1915, to take over the command of the Army, lead to further problems. Being so closely linked to the Army’s failure in the WWI meant even The Duma began to loose faith in his abilities to run the country. Also, while he was away, he left his wife, Alexandra, and Rasputin, a monk who had physic powers who knew when Nicholas’ son was in trouble, to run the country. This was a bad decision Nicholas made because they constantly sacked Ministers and allowed the transport and food problems to descend into crisis. Also Alexandra was half German, when she took charge rumors spread suggesting that she was a German spy. World War One the most Important cause of the March Revolution :: WWI WW1 Was World War One the most Important cause of the March Revolution? Nicholas II the eldest son of Alexander III and the Tsar of Russia was born at Krasnoye Selo in May 1868. Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until his abdication in 1917. Nicholas II signed his abdication on 15 March 1917 after the Russian Army High Command recommended it. There are many reasons why Nicholas abdicated including, the financial state of the country, its wide and varied population and their dissatisfaction with the way the country was being ruled. As Russia was already in a weak state and the people had been suffering for many years, the First World War proved the last straw for the Russian people and whilst was possibly not the most important cause was certainly the trigger or catalyst for the March Revolution and Nicholas’ abdication. When The Russian army entered WWI they were huge but poorly led and very badly equipped, there were not enough guns for everyone. They just had lost the war with Japan so heavy casualties meant loss of morale and spirit yet they were expected to go into war again. To make up for the losses in Japan they had to recruit peasants for their army. In a backward country with little money there would have been no chance to train the peasants to be effective soldiers. Their equipment and method of fighting was also no match for the German Army. The Russian’s were trained in charging at the enemy with bayonets, the German troops had machine guns. As a result of this, whilst the Russians were defending the German attack on Poland, half their army was destroyed. Going into a war with such little chance of winning, did nothing to make the Russian people respect Nicholas. The decision that Tsar Nicholas II took in August 1915, to take over the command of the Army, lead to further problems. Being so closely linked to the Army’s failure in the WWI meant even The Duma began to loose faith in his abilities to run the country. Also, while he was away, he left his wife, Alexandra, and Rasputin, a monk who had physic powers who knew when Nicholas’ son was in trouble, to run the country. This was a bad decision Nicholas made because they constantly sacked Ministers and allowed the transport and food problems to descend into crisis. Also Alexandra was half German, when she took charge rumors spread suggesting that she was a German spy.

Jennings and Armington

Running Head: JENNINGS AND ARMINGTON 1 Marlene Clarke Kaplan University LS 311-02 Business Law Professor Toni Starcher September 12th 2012 JENNINGS AND ARMINGTON 2Armington, while robbing a drugstore, shot and seriously injured Jennings, a drugstore clerk. Armington was subsequently convicted in a criminal trial of armed robbery, assault and battery. Jennings later brought a civil tort suit against Armington for damages. Armington contended that he could not be tried again for the same crime, as that would constitute double jeopardy, which is prohibited in the Fifth Amendment to the constitution. In this situation, Armington is incorrect about the double jeopardy law and he should accept responsibility for what he did.The Fifth Amendment offers certain protection to the defendant but the law must maintain fairness and consistency. According to the text, the Fifth Amendment does not allow a person to be tried twice for the same crime. In other words, if a person faces trial for a cr ime and is found not guilty and later on new evidence is discovered to link the person to the crime, they cannot stand trial a second time. Double jeopardy does not prohibit damages entitled to the victim in a civil suit.A civil tort suit occurs when someone has been hurt so the law allows them to seek compensation. Based on the scenario, Jennings deserves compensation because of the damages she sustained, suffered and endured. Since Jennings had a serious injury because of the intentional act committed by Armington, she should be able to receive compensation for her injuries. References * Miller, L. R. & Jentz, G. A. (2010). Fundamentals of business law: Summarized cases (8th Edition). Ohio: Cengage Learning

Primewater Csr

Primewater Infrastructure Corporation ABOUT US ? PRIMEWATER – a â€Å"public service† oriented company ? CUSTOMER SERVICE FRIENDLY ? 24-hour customer service ? Primewatch ? Payments †¢ Over the counter †¢ Electronic channels ? Application on-line ? State of the art water treatment technology Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation ABOUT US PRIMEWATER Infrastructure Corp. ? PRIMEWATER has gone from the traditional service of providing basic utility to one of the top service rovider of its kind in the industry. Central Water System, Inc Northwell Waterworks, Inc, Basic Utility Southwell Waterworks, inc. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation ABOUT US ? The management and staff of Primewater Infrastructure Corporation, including its technical manpower is composed mainly of mechanical, civil, electrical and chemical engineers who are all seasoned and very well capable in the management, operation and maintenance of water system facilities. All are regularly updated through through trainings and seminars from NWRB, LWUA, PWWA and DENR. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation OUR OFFICES LUZON AND METRO MANILA CEBU ILOILO CAGAYAN DE ORO Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation SERVICE AREAS NORTH-EAST AREA – NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION ? Caloocan City ? Quezon City ? Valezuela ? Taytay ? Novaliches Teresa ? Marikina City ? Cainta ? Pasig City ? Antipolo ? 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Primewater Infrastructure Corporation COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE ? A 30-year professional expertise on water supply set-up and design Access to high quality standard ope rating procedure developed by years of service ? Highly organized management structure specifically crafted for water system management ? Efficient systems control and productive evaluation report ? Links/Ties with premiere consultants, traders and distributors in the water industry Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation TECHNICAL SERVICES ? Water System Development ? Deepwell construction monitoring ? Pump, motor, and control design and nstallation ? Pump, Motor and Control ? Preventive maintenance ? Motor rating sizing ? Water Tank Design and Fabrication ? Power Efficiency ? Power consumption monitoring ? Electrical loading analysis Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation TECHNICAL SERVICES ? Well maintenance and rehabilitation ? Aquifer level and status monit oring ? Deepwell rehabilitation ? Well disinfection ? Underground Televised Inspection ? (Deepwell Camera Logging) ? Research and Development Introduction of new technologies ? Service improvement ? Vertical Development ? Boosters ? Motor control and drives Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation TECHNICAL SERVICES ? Maintenance Projects ? Water tank cleaning and chlorination of water facilities ? Water analysis and treatment ? Leak repairs and pipeline replacement ? Customer Complaints and Homeowners Associations’ Concerns ? Capex Projects and Development ? Water Quality Monitoring and ImprovementProviding safe water for the people and the environment. 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Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation CUSTOMER SERVICES BILLING AND COLLECTION ? Meter Reading of Water Meters Uploading of Read Data and Checking ? Bill Generation and Printing Pro viding safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation CUSTOMER SERVICES BILLING AND COLLECTION ? Modes of Payment Transaction ? OVER THE COUNTER Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation CUSTOMER SERVICES BILLING AND COLLECTION ? Modes of Payment Transaction ? ELECTRONIC CHANNELS ONLINE ATM PHONE BANKINGProviding safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation CUSTOMER SERVICES BILLING AND COLLECTION ? Modes of Payment Transaction ? ELECTRONIC CHANNELS Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation OTHER SERVICES ? Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) of a Water System ? Build, Operate and Owned (BOO) Scheme ? Develop Water Source and Supply Bulk Water to an Existing Waterworks Management and Operational/Maintenance Contract to an Existing Water System Facility ? Design and Installation of Water and Wastewater Treatment Facility Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation ORGANIZATION AFFILIALIATIONS LOCAL ? Philippine Water Works Association – PWWA ? Philippine Water Partnership – PWP ? Water Environment Association of the Philippines – WEAP ? Well Drillers Association of the Philippines – WELLDAPHIL Providing safe water for the people and the environment.Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation ORGANIZATION AFFILIALIATIONS INTERNATIONAL ? Water Environment Federation – WEF ? AQUAFED ? GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP – GWP Providing safe water for the people and the enviro nment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation MOVING FORWARD ? PRIMEWATER envisions expanding its operations to all untapped areas with potential. ? Consequently, we are moving towards providing our services to a significant number of locations and communities.A move that will maximize investment expenses and therefore give PRIMEWATER a leverage to offer the products and services at the least possible cost to the community. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Primewater Infrastructure Corporation CSR Project: Gawaran Heights Source flow meter or Utilities Bulk Meter Coordinators Dist. Line †¢ Coordinators /collectors: appointed by the contracting party †¢ Flexible collection: depends on the source of income of the consumer †¢ Non revenue water: 5-waterfor the people and the environment.Providing safe water for the people and the environ ment. Providing safe 10% Primewater Infrastructure Corporation Application Fee: Php. 3,500. 00 + Tech. Cost Rate: Php. 10. 00 per Drum Note: the Coordinators are allow to sell water up to Php. 15. 00 per Drum. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment. Providing safe water for the people and the environment www. primewatercorp. com

How to Use Linking Language in Written English

How to Use Linking Language in Written English Once you have mastered the basics of correct usage in written English, you will want to express yourself in increasingly complex ways. One of the best ways to improve your writing style is to use linking language. Linking language refers to sentence connectors used to express relationships between ideas and to combine sentences; the use of these connectors will add sophistication to your writing style. Each section below contains linking language using similar sentences to show how the same idea can be expressed in a variety of manners. Once you have understood the use of these sentence connectors, take an example sentence of your own and write a number of sentences based on the examples to practice your own writing skills. Some Examples of Sentence Connectors The best way to understand the functionality of sentence connectors is to see examples of their usage in everyday situations. Take, for instance, that you want to combine the following two sentences: Food and drink prices in New York are very high and Renting an apartment in New York is very expensive. One could use the sentence connectors semicolon and the word furthermore to combine the two to form one cohesive sentence: Food and drink prices in New York are very high; furthermore, renting an apartment is very expensive. Another example, this time keeping the meaning of both sentences but linking them together to form a cohesive idea related to both: Life in New York is very expensive.Life in New York can be extremely exciting. Example: Despite the fact that life in New York is very expensive, it can be extremely exciting   And in this example, one can form conclusions as part of a sentence connector to emphasize a cause and effect relationship between two sentences: Life in New York is very expensive.Many people would love to live in New York. Example: Many people would love to live in New York; consequently, life in New York is very expensive. In any of these cases, sentence connectors serve to shorten writing and make a writers point more concise and easy to understand. Sentence connectors additionally help the pace and flow of a piece of writing feel more natural and fluid. When Not to Use Sentence Connectors Its not always appropriate to use sentence connectors or to link sentences at all, especially if the rest of the writing is already weighty with complex sentence structures. Sometimes, simplicity is key to get a point across. Another instance of a time not to use sentence connectors is when combining sentences could force an assumption on the reader or render the new sentence inaccurate. Take for instance writing an essay on the cause-effect relationship between human energy consumption and global warming, while you may be able to say human have burned more fossil fuels in the last century than ever before; ​consequentially, the global temperature has risen, it may not be entirely accurate given the readers interpretation of that statement without context clues.

5 Examples of Confused Sentences

5 Examples of Confused Sentences 5 Examples of Confused Sentences 5 Examples of Confused Sentences By Mark Nichol When writers neglect to take sufficient care in forming sentences, confusion and error can easily result. The following five sentences illustrate various ways in which the wrong word order or choice of phrasing can obfuscate meaning; discussion and a revision follows each example. 1. Various supervisors have developed their own risk assessment methodologies independently, which are not always directly comparable. A restrictive clause (one that starts with which and provides an additional and optional detail), should immediately follow the word or phrase it refers to (after the intervening comma, that is); do not permit another part of speech, such as the adverb independently, in this example, to separate them: â€Å"Various supervisors have independently developed their own risk assessment methodologies, which are not always directly comparable.† 2. If you’d like to read more about Smith’s beliefs, many more of them are detailed on his website. Many more of Smith’s beliefs are detailed on his website whether you’d like to read more about them or not. The following revision of a false conditional expresses the immutable presence of Smith’s beliefs on his website regardless of your interest in reading about them: â€Å"If you’d like to read more about Smith’s beliefs, visit his website to read many more of them.† 3. However, U.S. regulators go further by specifying that special due diligence is performed. The important distinction that the action must be performed, rather than that it is being performed, is obscured by use of the wrong form of the verb: â€Å"However, U.S. regulators go further by specifying that special due diligence be performed.† 4. Conventional data-management strategies used to factor in only data sources within the enterprise. This sentence states that at a previous time, something occurred. However, the phrase â€Å"used to† could be misunderstood to mean â€Å"employed in order to,† leading to further confusion because the sentence then appears to be incomplete, because there is no object. Alternatively, the reader might read â€Å"used to† to mean â€Å"accustomed to,† with the same result. The sentence will read unambiguously if the verb phrase is altered, as in â€Å"Conventional data-management strategies previously factored in only data sources within the enterprise.† 5. Every rape is not a gender-motivated hate crime. This sentence states that of all the rapes committed, none is a gender-motivated hate crime. The statement is clumsy, but worse, it is not what the writer meant to say. The point that although some or many rapes may be committed with that motivation, others are not. That meaning is conveyed by a simple relocation of the negation: â€Å"Not every rape is a gender-motivated hate crime.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good WithLatin Plural EndingsCapitalizing Titles of People and Groups

Managing Resources and Information Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing Resources and Information - Essay Example The measures are taken care of during the design and construction process of a building, or if the assembly is already constructed, they are incorporated into it. An important module of the fire safety measures is creation of awareness among the masses specially children. Statistics presented by the fire brigade fire investigation unit New South Wales show that 3000 fire accidents affect children annually and out of these, nearly 10 percent of the fires are lighted by the children themselves. Generally fire prevention officers are responsible for keeping the check on buildings and making people alert about the expected hazard. The text presents an evaluation of the fire hazards, how can they be communicated to the children, what will be the challenges involved and how can they be overcome etc. Moreover, the report also covers the recruitment process for the employees and the evaluation of the adopted practice. In a nutshell, the report examines the implementation and assessment of the child safety awareness program comprehensively. Failure in the recruitment of eligible and competent staff not only effects the functioning due to inappropriate levels of skills but also has an adverse outcome on the profitability of a firm. Recruiting employees does not only include the selection of the candidates but it is the complex and widespread process involving the decision making and planning capabilities of the management to select and employ the best and apposite workforce. Skills required for different jobs differ from one another. For example, a lower or line manager should be a good team player and during recruitment of a person for such a job, managers must look into the candidates whether they are team players or not. However, the selection and employment of the appropriate personnel is not the end to the recruitment process. It also goes on to the training and retention of the staff members so that they contribute positively to the progress of the

Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return Assignment

Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return - Assignment Example Table 1 shows the cash inflow expected to be generated and the cash outflow expected to be incurred should the proposed expansion be undertaken. During the first year, the company will incur expenses to finance the purchase of the new plant and equipment costing 5,000,000. It is assumed that this amount will be a one time expense fully incurred during the first year. This report also recognized the need to recognize the investment in research and development already incurred by the company. The rationale behind this is to fully and adequately evaluate the profitability of the project. It should be noted that in order to come up with a proper valuation, the company should account for all the revenues and expenses generated by the project. Thus, it is inclusive of all the expenses incurred to bring the project in operation. Research and development cost of 900,000 should be accounted for because without it, the expansion will be impossible to pursue. During 2005, the amount of 1,800,000 to cover additional working capital expenses is also included in the cash outlay required. However, management also expects that after five years, this amount will be freed up and can be readily used by other projects. Thus, Table 1 also shows that during 2005, the company will be needing 1,800,000 while this amount will be available during 2010. In the case of the overhead costs, this report decided to use the 300,000 per annum as estimated by the project development team advisor. This is deemed appropriate as allocating 50% of the wages is just an estimate. It should also be noted that depreciation expense will not be included in the computation of the NPV because cash flow is not directly affected by the account. As taxes and inflation are excluded in the analysis, tax shield from depreciation will not be considered. The computation for NPV is shown in Table 2. Since the company is using 14% as the required rate of return for the expansion, the cash flows are discounted at the same rate. According to the computation in Table 2, the NPV of the expansion using 14% cost of capital is (403.47). Table 2. Discounted Cash Flow and NPV for Expansion (2005-2010, in thousand) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total Inflow/ (Outflow) (8500) 2,040 1,940 2,140 2,140 3,940 Present Value Factor (14%) 1.0000 0.8722 0.7695 0.6750 0.5921 0.5194 Present Value (8500) 1789.4 1492.8 1444.5 1267.0 2046.4 NET PRESE NT VALUE (403.47) Internal Rate of Return The internal rate of return is the cost of capital which equates the net present value of all cash flow to zero. The IRR can be computed by calculating the NPV at different interest rates. Utilizing this method, we come up with Figure 1 which shows that IRR is approximately 12%. Figure 1 . NPV at Different Cost of Capital Question 2. Prepare an informal report for the Board of