Over Representation of African American Students in the Special Education System. Essay

Presentation My present school has custom curriculum program of 32 understudies in self contain with over 90% of the understudies being African-American. This paper will address the enormous number African-American understudies in the custom curriculum framework. Consideration will be center around the social financial jobs that have an influence in arrangement. At the point when done appropriately and in suitable viewpoint, custom curriculum is advantageous for understudies with a genuine inability, yet specialized curriculum administrations are improper when an understudy gets it when it isn't required. African-American understudies are being set in the custom curriculum framework at a disturbing rate. They are being marked with incapacities at ages as right on time as five years of age, since they progress more slow than the remainder of the class, inclination in appraisal instrument, separation in the public arena reflected in the school or they may introduce some conduct issue. Custom curriculum is proper situation for understudies with genuine handicaps, yet minority blacks are as a rule excessively place in a custom curriculum. This treacherous situation at early ages are making these youngsters be generalized as moderate students causing low confidence and low accomplishment rate during and after school. This is a significant issue while tending to a custom curriculum for African Americans. Numerous endeavors have been made to unravel the issues however there have been no agreeable outcomes. Hypothetical Framework The unbalanced portrayal of African-Americans understudies in the custom curriculum framework is very much reported. This distortion has been hazardous since the origin of the specialized curriculum program. This paper will test the reasons huge numbers of these understudies have been sorted with different kind of learning handicaps or enthusiastic aggravations. These names given to understudies have demonstrated to be life changing to understudies given inaccurate situation. Claims have been recorded charging that situations of high quantities of African American, particularly male, in a specialized curriculum classes has been an apparatus for opposing court requested integration (Harry and Anderson, 1992). In numerous occurrences there is an absence of or reluctance to appropriately put African American understudies due to instructors in certain frameworks being socially different. Besides there is a great deal of doubt among instructors and guardians. Numerous guardians don’t look for fitting administrations or can't help contradicting instructive arrangement since they believe they will be see as uninformed or â€Å"talked down† to by educators and overseers setting their youngsters in a specialized curriculum. This paper will likewise talk about the drawn out impacts that frustrate understudies instructive advancement just as there grown-up life. When set in numerous custom curriculum programs understudy may not be in line to get a secondary school confirmation. Numerous understudies experience issues in the network landing positions since bosses feel they will be more slow then there partners that got customary instruction. This at that point snowballs into the kid being put in a lower social monetary section due to the kind of work they should make due with in adulthood. African-American understudies are disproportionally positioned in the custom curriculum framework around the nation. This distortion is might be because of instructor inadequacy. Improving teachers’ ability to give socially responsive guidance to African American understudies resembles to improve understudy learning capacity (Darling-Hammond, 2004). New educators must meet a vivacious undergrad program to become ensured they keep on graduating empower to successfully show African American understudies. Many leave program with a misguided judgment of dark understudies. They feel that the African American understudies are not as brilliant as different races. The motivation behind this investigation is to demonstrate there is a deception of African American understudies in a custom curriculum. I additionally plan to outline the issue of lopsided portrayal of African American understudies in a specialized curriculum isn't only a custom curriculum issue or concern be that as it may, rather, must be seen in the setting as it alludes to prejudice in the entire instructive framework. I will talk about how bigotry adds to and keeps up disproportionality in a custom curriculum by (a) deficiently subsidizing schools went to essentially by African American and poor kids: (b) utilizing socially wrong and inert educational program; (c) insufficiently planning instructors to viably show African American students and different understudies of shading. I will demonstrate that to adequately address the issue of disproportionality, specialists, experts andâ policymakers must place biased instructive asset assignment, unseemly educational program and instructional method and deficient instructor readiness at the focal point of training exploration, strategy, and practice. Importance of the Study There is a lot of hugeness for this investigation. Being a specialized curriculum educator I have seen numerous understudies come to me since they were a social issue during their basic years. I trust it is our duty to discover an answer for this developing issue. To begin with, we as instructors, we have to see whether this race of understudies are get lost in the instructive framework. These understudies not getting appropriate training are causing a negative impact on as long as they can remember. This makes this specific gathering need to rely upon state help and debilitates the workforce. Furthermore, we have to see whether there is an issue with educator readiness. On the off chance that this is a difficult we have to make sense of what should be possible in state schools and colleges to take care of these issues. Would including an all the more morally differing educational plan better get ready educators to instruct African American understudies? Most of the educators coming out of school will spend there initial scarcely any years instructing intercity kids, with the greater part being African Americans. At last we have to instruct or youngsters to be solid profitable residents. I feel that these kids are not being given an equivalent shot at being gainful on the off chance that they are being tossed in the custom curriculum class in the rear of the structure. We definitely know there is an issue, presently we have to cooperate to discover an answer that will best profit the understudies. Meaning of Terms Disproportionate numbers: Having more prominent portrayal inside a subgroupâ compared to the quantity of understudies in the populace all in all. A few specialists use give or take 10% to decide proportionality (Harry and Anderson, 1994). Segregation The capacity to make or see qualification; acumen. Prejudice, or predisposition, in the treatment of an individual or gathering, which is out of line, illicit, etc(Loren and Orfield, 2002). It is my feeling that African American kids are being put in a specialized curriculum in view of predispositions unjustifiable gathering. High Achieving: School-wide direction of API (if in California) and Annual Yearly Progress (AYP) development more than three years all things considered. There must likewise be a base development of two deciles inside 3-5 years. ] Special Education: Services and supports intended to limit the effect of inability and boost chance to develop and learn (Hehir, 2007). Impediment, Delimitation and Assumptions Limitations of Study The restrictions of this investigation is discover willing takes part, in view of the reasons I have examined before guardians will concede that their kid was set in a specialized curriculum in light of an absence of information on their part. Another constraint that will influence them result of this exploration is on the grounds that I am legitimately utilized in the ward that I have decided to do investigate. This position will restrict the viability of my exploration as a result of understudy protection and my situation in the area. It is additionally my supposition that school regions won't have any desire to discharge data that could conceivable be utilized against them. As expressed before I consider understudies shading or being illicit delegated understudies with unique needs and put in a specialized curriculum. These are a couple of variables that could constrain my investigation. Delimitations of the Study External legitimacy might be affected dependent on the quantity of understudy/guardians being met. Approve might be affected because of other minority races not being remembered for the examination. Additionally the size and school areas may restrict my capacity to get satisfactory information to completely demonstrate my speculation. The little example populace was plausible for my examination rather then wandering out into bigger territories. This is critical in that the discoveries may not be appropriate to different schools. Presumptions of the Study References Artiles, A. J. (2003). Unique education’s evolving personality: Paradoxes and problems in perspectives on culture and space. Harvard Educational Review, 73, 164-202. Artiles, A. J. , Rueda, R. , Salazar, J. J. , and Higareda, I. (2005). Inside gathering decent variety in minority unbalanced portrayal: English language students in urban school areas. Excellent Children, 71, 283-300. Billingsley, B. (2004). Specialized curriculum teachers’ maintenance and wearing down: A basic investigation of the exploration writing. Medicinal and Special Education, 25, 22-39. Blair, C. , and Scott, K. G. (2002). Extent of LD situations related with low financial status: Evidence for inclination. Diary of Special Education, 36, 14-22. Blanchett, W. J. , Mumford, V. , and Beachum, F. (2005). Urban school disappointment and disproportionality in a post-Brown period. Therapeutic and Special Education, 26, 70-81. Chamberlain, S. P. (2005). Issues of overrepresentation and instructive value for socially and phonetically different understudies. Intercession in School and Clinic, 41, 110-113. Countinho, M. J. , Oswald, D. P. , and Best, A. M. (2002). The impact of sociodemographics and sex on the unbalanced recognizable proof of minority understudies as having learning handicaps. Medicinal and Special Education, 23, 49-59. Coutinho, M. J. , Oswald, D. P. , Best,

Antisemitism In Merchant Of Venice Essay Example For Students

Discrimination against Jews In Merchant Of Venice Essay The Merchant of Venice is a dubious play among specialists of Shakespeare. This play has been contended by some to be a satire. This is on the grounds that there is a ton of lighthearted element and the story has a glad completion. Others believe the play to be a catastrophe in view of Shylocks character. He is a lot of like a character of a disaster as in Phaedra. Still different specialists utilize the term tragicomedy. By and by I believe that the last definition is the best one to depict this play. There are a few factors that add to the arrangement of a play as a catastrophe or as a satire. A catastrophe has four principle components as indicated by current definitions. The primary component is the lamentable saint. In The Merchant of Venice Shylock is the main character that can be contended to be such an individual. He is associated with the majority of the activity and is the wellspring of the significant clash. On the off chance that he was absent the play would have no contention and would not make a generally excellent story. Shylock can likewise be viewed as the heartbreaking legend since he has a sad blemish. This is his fixation that is obvious all through the play. His material riches devours his contemplations day and night. He might be a Jewish man yet I believe that the god he reveres the most is known as gold. One case where it is obvious that he possibly thinks about his assets was when Jessica fled. He was fuming, O, my ducats! O, my little girl! Fled with a Christian! O, my Christian ducats 2. 8. 15-16. He just includ! ed his little girl in the center as if she were one of his assets. Another piece of a disaster is that the terrible saint must be lowered or embarrassed. Shylock experienced both of these. He was embarrassed when Portia, camouflaged as a man, utilized his own remarks and agreement against him. Any individual that was from the start commending somebody for being brilliant and righteous must feel extremely moronic when that individual isn't generally on their side like they were by all accounts from the outset. We have not done much in class with what a satire is nevertheless I imagine that I have a not too bad broad information on what one is. The main component that I am aware of is the entertainment. In The Merchant of Venice there is a bounty of such lighthearted element. One model was when Portia and Nerissa got the rings from their spouses to be while they were in Venice. After they got them they prodded the two with dangers and stories including a great deal of sexual silliness. A particular case of the sexual silliness was when Gratiano stated, Well, do you so. Let me not take him, at that point! For on the off chance that I do, Ill blemish the youthful agents pen 5. 1. 236-237. The lighthearted element effectively relieves a portion of the gigantic strain that develops in the play. Act five in general is an awesome model since it is directly after the peak of the play and has what appears to me to be the best satire of the whole play. The second component of a satire that I am aware of is that it must have an upbeat completion. This is unquestionably what occurs in our play. Once Antonio was freed from his bond everybody got what they needed. Antonio caused Shylock to get Christian and Jessica and Lorenzo got a deed to Shylocks assets when he kicked the bucket. Above all Bassanio and Portia and Jessica and Gratiano settled the ring issues with positive feelings and shared comprehension. From what I have said in the past sections I need to group this play as a tragicomedy. The Merchant of Venice has the entirety of the components of satire that I have referenced. All through the play there is a huge measure of silliness. It comprises of both high satire and a smidgen of low parody as well. One case of the low parody would be toward the starting when Bassanio and Gratiano are in the bar with Antonio acting senseless. They are just worried about drinking brew and having some good times. A case of the high satire was when Portia was scrutinizing every last bit of her admirers. She taunted every last one of them with clever comments. My most loved of these comments was the point at which she answered to Nerissa about loving the Duke of Saxonys nephew, Very awfully in the first part of the day, when he is calm, and most terribly toward the evening, when he is flushed 2. 1. 84-85. This gave us a little insight as to Portias mind and cunning. This play is likewise steady with my explanation that a parody must have a cheerful consummation. There! was a pleasant air about the characters in the last scene. They all settled any issues that were available so we would be left with a total feeling of conclusion. I have revealed to you why I feel that the play is incompletely a parody and now to inform you concerning the heartbreaking component. A catastrophe has a shocking legend which for this situation is Shylock. I don't feel that with a character as deplorable as him in the play that we can disregard him. He was wronged such a great amount in the play that it is difficult to recollect those offenses. Above all else he was constantly singled out and despised by everybody. Antonio spat on him and kicked him like a canine. Another case of his awfulness was when Jessica fled from him. This furious him incredibly on the grounds that she fled with a Christian. Be that as it may, his fundamental concern was the entirety of the wealth that she had taken from him. He thought more about his assets than he did about his girl. A last way that Shylock was wronged was when Antonio was discharged from the bond. In the event that Shylock was a decent Christian man there would not have been a discussion. He presumably would have been permitted to take the pound of substance. The last motivation behind why this play could be viewed as a disaster is on the grounds that Shylock was embarrassed. This is an important piece of an unfortunate saints character. For the entirety of the reasons that I have expressed in the above sections this play must be viewed as a tragicomedy. It doesn't fit a solitary arrangement of standards. Rather it has numerous comic components and a tad bit of the lamentable components. On the off chance that Shylocks character was not all that engaged with the story I would group the play as a satire. Since he has such a significant job I think that its difficult to overlook his shocking characteristics. 6 The Merchant of Venice is an extraordinary play and I delighted in it without a doubt. As we read through the play I began to see something that was diverse about it. From the outset I couldn't place it. At that point it began to turn into a little more clear. During our conversations I began to see that different people groups transl ations of the play were unique in relation to mine. I tuned in to what the others said and it seemed well and good. Thusly I began to feel that perhaps I was to blame and had confounded it. At that point the following day it happened once more. I started to think about whether I was accomplishing something incorrectly. That was the point at which I truly began to feel that there was something special about this play. I didn't utter a word in class about my contemplations since they appeared to be somewhat strange, even to me. All things considered, I had never known about a play having two unique methods of understanding it. My doubts continued for two or three weeks and that was the point at which I turned out to be very cheerful. Dr. Lipkind came into our group and t! alked to us about the play. He was in his standard character, arms thrashing and voice blasting, when he revealed to us that this play could be perused two totally various ways. I could at last inhale a murmur of help. It was truly baffling for me to question my own contemplations. For during the class conversations I was persistently re-thinking myself and I didn't care for this inclination. After Dr. Lipkind revealed to us this reality he disclosed to us that numerous specialists had various assessments about this. Some said that this twofold sided story was unfortunate and frail. They felt this was basically an instance of a scholars hesitation and absence of capacity. Different specialists imagined that this twofold sidedness was the plays most prominent resource. They differ with respect to how savvy Shakespeare was and on the off chance that he expected to do this deliberately or on the off chance that it was just a mishap. I am slanted to concur with the specialists that think Shakespeare was a splendid author in his time. He would even be viewed as one of the absolute best scholars ever. Shakespeare has composed incalculable sonnets and plays. Not every one of them are a portrayal of his absolute best work however that doesn't make a difference. To be an incredible author, in any event in my brain, an individual just needs to create two bits of writing that are of a high bore. Shakespeare did this. One of those extraordinary plays was Julius Caesar. I read this play a year ago and appreciated it without a doubt. They way that he set up the scenes was magnificent. All through the play he built up the plots and sub-plots while proceeding to keep the play energizing and engaging. He never let the crowd get exhausted. There are a few different plays that he composed that were of an extremely high gauge. He additionally composed sonnets. His Shakespearean poems are exceptionally intriguing in light of the fact that they constantly utilized a similar rhyme conspire. In the event that this man had this ability I don't imagine that any individual would debate his significance and state that one of his plays was feeble. Besides, I don't feel that anybody could state that such an extraordinary wr! iter basically composed a twofold sided play on mishap. Shakespeare did purposefully compose this play with the goal that it could be perused two different ways. As I referenced before I had deciphered numerous pieces of this play uniquely in contrast to huge numbers of my schoolmates. One case of this was when Bassanio and his companions met Antonio in the principal scene of the play. The vast majority of the others in the class didn't appreciate them. They imagined that they were comedians and nearly derided them. Be that as it may, I believed that they were simply making some great memories. I don't discover anything amiss with a couple folks becoming inebriated and making some great memories, inasmuch as they don't harm anyone all the while or drink while they are riding a pony or working substantial hardware. Another case of how this play can be perused two distinct ways includes Shylocks happy bond. During a class conversation with Dr. Lipkind I said that I thought Shylock was arranging retribution from the earliest starting point. When given this perspective a significant part of the class concurred with me. Dr. Lipkind instructed us to watch this circumstance create and

Whats a Golden Parachute (And How Its Used in MA)

Whats a Golden Parachute (And How Its Used in MA) Do you have a golden parachute?There can only be three answers to this question. “Yes,” “No” or “I don’t know.”The first two answers are clear enough. But if your answer is “I don’t know,” then you most likely don’t have one.Just like a normal parachute, a golden parachute is meant to provide you with safety.However, it’s not a normal parachute which happens to be made of gold. Or gold plated. Or gold colored.A golden parachute is simply an agreement. More precisely, it is a clause in an employment contract or agreement.Unlike the other clauses, more commonly referred to as the terms of employment, a golden parachute has a unique purpose.Also, it’s only in the contracts of certain employees and not all.In any case, isn’t the nature of gold such that you can’t find it everywhere?Golden parachutes are the preserve of top executives in big companies, especially CEOs. In some cases, the companies may not necessarily be big, but may be operating in highly-com petitive environments or industries.The clause lists the benefits which a top executive should receive from an employer in the event of termination of employment.Though there can be different reasons for termination, a major reason envisioned when drafting these clauses is a merger or acquisition.Some BackgroundThis is the case because during mergers and acquisitions, the control of the company usually changes.When a new company takes over your company, rarely will the top management be left intact.The person or company taking over your company will have a preferred way of doing things.A different way of running the company will mean a new set of managers, especially at the top. Different decisions have to be made going forward.Whereas this is good for the individuals being entrusted with the running of the company, it is bad news for the leaving executives. To them, they have lost a job. Losing a job is not easy.Lacking a sustainable source of income affects your life. Unless you h ad planned for it accordingly.One characteristic of the top position in a company is risk taking. Top managers are employed to make the hard decisions and take (calculated) risks.Being human, they could make decisions which end up being big mistakes. These could lead to huge losses, or even a shutdown.Such results often lead to job loss.This makes top executives afraid of making some decisions because they are afraid of the repercussions in case things don’t go well.But their indecision is also a potential loss of great opportunities.Top managers are people who flourish as risk takers.But if they are faced with difficult choices between taking a risk and losing their jobs, it is obvious which one they will go for.To enable the manager feel comfortable and free to make the decisions he needs to make, a generous perk is provided to cushion him in case he gets terminated.Golden Parachute vs. Golden HandshakeAnother common term, perhaps more common than the golden parachute, is the go lden handshake.Although both the parachute and the handshake are golden, there is a difference.Whereas a golden parachute includes a generous severance package, cash bonuses and stock options, the handshake goes further.A golden handshake adds the retirement benefits to this termination package. The retirement benefits are those to be given if you are to retire when working in the same company.Generally, retirement packages are very generous.At the same time, golden parachutes come with many benefits. When these two are put together, the result is the golden handshake.As a result, the golden handshake provides more benefits than the parachute alone.Golden Parachute vs. Golden HandcuffA golden handcuff works differently from the parachute.While the golden parachute is intended to provide a soft landing for you when terminated, the golden handcuff is meant to stop you from leaving the company.This is done by putting together great benefits and some costs. The benefits are for staying and the costs are for leaving within a certain period. This is especially the case when you could leave and join a competitor.For example, if you leave, you would be required to return some company assets initially given to you. It can also take the form of a greatly-reduced severance pay.ADVANTAGES OF GOLDEN PARACHUTEGolden parachutes have been hailed for their benefits.The benefits here are not from the perspective of the recipients, but the company and the staff remaining behind after the CEO leaves.As such, some people have rooted for them.Moreover, for the companies in acquisition-prone environments, this is seen as a good solution.Some of the advantages are:Ease in hiring and retaining top talent.It is easier to hire employees in the low and middle levels as opposed to higher levels.This may not make much sense if you consider that there are more candidates at lower levels compared to higher levels.Still, hiring a C-suite employee is more daunting than lower-level employees. T he reason is quite simple. These individuals look for job security more than anyone else.They want to be sure that they have the authority to make decisions without being afraid of losing their jobs.Since these are the people who are relied on to drive the company forward, you have to create a conducive environment for them. You have to provide attractive perks and these are never cheap.Since mergers and acquisitions often lead to a change of guard at the top, CEOs often get replaced.As job candidates, these CEOs always consider the company approaching them for a position. Or if applying, they will consider the termination package before making the application.The company providing great benefits will attract the greatest minds. And those benefits prevent the CEOs from leaving for a similar position in a competing company. Keeps top executives objective during merger and acquisition talks.Talks about mergers and acquisition are not easy. Emotions flare up and resentment builds up. F riends can easily become enemies because people on both sides of the table have interests to protect.But mergers don’t happen for the interests of the top managers. They often happen for the interest of the business.The business may be dying and can only be resuscitated through an acquisition. Such a move could also be the initiative of shareholders.Remember that the CEO needs job security like everyone else? And he doesn’t want to lose the big salary?Many times, CEOs and other top managers try to thwart acquisition or merger plans. They can do this by making it difficult to reach an agreement.Where a CEO is assured of a hefty send-off package, he is more likely to act in the best interests of the company. This is because his interests are already taken care of.Discourage hostile take-overs.Golden parachutes are a big expense to the company.And when a company is being bought, the acquiring company is responsible for paying out the golden parachute. As such, this can present a ch allenge to the acquirer.Considering that business are started with the intention of withstanding competition and being successful, it becomes wise to safeguard it against hostile moves.Because these payoffs run into millions of dollars, they are at times put in place to discourage acquisitions.To prevent a business take-over from a hostile competitor, many companies will include a golden parachute in the top manager’s contract.Since this is an expense to be borne by the acquiring company, they will have to consider this as the cost of replacing the management.Top managers also take a lot of responsibility in the running of the company.This leads them to eventually developing a personal sense of ownership of the company.If it grows, they are proud of it. If it fails, they feel the shame and embarrassment.In such an environment, the management will not necessarily want an acquisition to happen.When there is a golden parachute in place, buying out the company adds to the total cost a nd the move may prove too expensive.Prevent employee retaliation after termination.Another big reason for these hefty packages is   to prevent retaliation by former high-ranking employees.Retaliation can be dangerous for the company considering that the employee has the knowledge of how you run your operations.When you fire a CEO, your business might get into serious trouble if he decides to retaliate. There are two major ways he may act against you depending on the circumstances of his departure.1. Suing â€" this is a common route taken by disgruntled former employees. Their complaints may be valid or otherwise. But the process itself has many effects.He may sue you for unlawful termination, unfair treatment or any other reason he decides to use. And since you are the perpetrator of the alleged crime, the suit may ask that you pay for the costs involved in the case.When you are taken to court by a former manager, you can expect that this will cause a stir. It will be the topic of d iscussion among your employees.Also, especially if you are a big company, you are bound to attract lots of negative media attention.Of all the things that could happen, losing such a case is the worst. This will not only confirm all the allegations from the former staff, but will also force you to pay huge amounts of money.In an effort to prevent a situation like this, companies use golden parachutes. They make the deal so good that an employee will not have a problem being fired. Though he may not like it, he will actually see no loss as the benefits given are good.2. Disclosure â€" another problematic scenario is when the terminated staff decides to let your competitor in on your trade secrets. This can cause adverse effects on your business.With the knowledge the former staff has, he can help your competitors bring you down quite easily. This is why employees are directed to sign an NDA (Non Disclosure Agreement).Although it is in good faith, the agreement can be broken. And when someone does that, especially when he is no longer your employee, it can be tragic for your business.Your competitor may know the terms you have with suppliers which allow you more cash flow. They may also get to know how much you pay your best employees.From this information, they may poach your best talent and lure them with a better pay or benefits.So much loss can be experienced as a result of disclosure. This is one reason for the inclusion of a golden parachute in the contract of the CEO.DISADVANTAGES OF GOLDEN PARACHUTEGood as they may be, golden parachutes are surrounded by controversies.These controversies mainly revolve around the huge amounts of cash payments and other benefits provided for the terminated employees.Perhaps worse than that, is the fact that these agreements are rarely known by the shareholders.Essentially being the owners of the companies, shareholders are often the ones speaking out loudest against these packages. Here are some disadvantages.CEOs are alr eady highly-paid.This is a fact in all companies. Although different companies pay their top managers differently, these employees are definitely the most highly-paid.Consider the 25 most highly-paid CEOs as at March 2019. Click on the image for the full report. Source: squarespace.comAs such, a generous payoff after termination is seen as unnecessary.For the purposes of securing a comfortable life after termination, it is argued that their high pay can accommodate enough savings and investments.This becomes more of an issue when the pay of other staff is compared to that of the managers.There is always a big difference between the salaries of all staff. And so when the highest-paid is given a big send-off package, it simply doesn’t go well with low income earners.Executives should naturally act in the company’s best interest.This is the argument against the idea that a golden parachute enables the CEO to be objective during acquisition talks.Opponents of golden parachutes claim that the CEO was running the company with its best interests at heart.If the company is being bought by another, then he should not shift his loyalty from the company to himself.Although this is a noble view of the CEO, its truthfulness is largely determined by e thics and integrity. Of course, these are traits which all CEOs should have.But when one’s own interests are threatened, you can never be sure how they will respond.At the same time, this argument shows the potential human frailty in everyone. It may thus seem that without external motivation, prioritizing other people’s interests is not easy.Golden parachutes may not necessarily prevent a take-over.As expensive as golden parachutes are, they are usually only a small fraction of the total cost of an acquisition.The costs involved in acquisitions are far above the expense of the golden parachute in question.This fact weakens the argument that these packages will prevent a hostile take-over. Instead, they are viewed as having very little impact in trying to prevent it.Here’s a video of how a hostile take-over happens. In many cases, golden parachutes constitute of three or more years’ annual pay of the executive plus other benefits.These benefits generally include stock option s and a generous severance pay. The acquisition cost on the other hand may include the value of all company assets.Comparing these costs, you will find that the individual or company buying an existing business has enough money or motivation to pay the package.So, though it was meant to deter a take-over, it ends up being unable to serve its purpose.May possibly reduce the company’s profitability.As an expense being paid out, golden parachutes affect the financial status of the company. Where cash bonuses are involved, lots of cash will be paid out.Where large amounts of stocks are given, more money will be paid out when paying dividends.Above all, the severance pay may be what digs deepest into the company’s cash reserves. Low amounts of cash affect a company’s ability to run its operations comfortably.It may impact important operations, prevent it from taking advantage of opportunities and indirectly impact on profitability.May lead to the CEO’s poor performance.Golden par achutes may have a very negative effect on the performance of the CEO entitled to it.Since there are huge amounts of cash and generous benefits involved, the executive may develop the wrong attitude towards work.He may not see the need to work hard or put his best foot forward. He may become reluctant to make tough choices and give a lackluster performance since he has nothing to lose.The real factors affecting the performance of the top managers may not be clearly known to the shareholders and other employees.That however does not stop them from discussing how he is under-performing. All that many people care to look at is the overall growth trend of the company.If the company is growing, employees and shareholders want to feel it. This is by getting higher dividends, share prices going up and staff salaries being increased.If these things are not happening, then as far as others are concerned, there should be a change at the top.May cause animosity and resentment among staff.By al l means, some send-off packages have been outrageously big. The cash and bonuses have been high, not to mention the other benefits included in the deals. Often, the revelation of these packages leads to an outcry by employees.When it becomes known that this the treatment given to top managers while other employees complain of low earnings, resentment can easily build among employees.This will be seen as a sign of favoritism and unfair treatment.If not handled properly, animosity may be the outcome.This creates a negative work environment and business growth may become more of a dream than a reality.CONCLUSIONGolden parachutes have arguments both for and against them.If you are in a position to determine whether to implement one for your CEO, keep in mind the pros and cons.This will help you balance everything accordingly and hopefully keep everyone happy.

The Ethics Of The Advertising Industry - 1320 Words

Persons and businesses are expected to have certain ethical standards which are controlled by a series of ethical codes. This research is focused on the ethics of the advertising industry. Some questions will be answered like: should companies be allowed to collect/sell client’s info? Should targeted online advertising on the basis of user’s profile and demographics? Should there be a ban the sale of surveillance technology to non-democratic countries? Keywords: targeted online advertising, surveillance technology, non-democratic countries, false advertising, ethical theories, code of ethics. Ethics in the Advertising Industry. Ethics is a set of moral principles on values that governs the conduct of an individual or group (Cheeseman, 2006 p. 149). This paper reflects how ethical the different companies especially in the advertising world are. It also analyze a given case with the theories of ethics to see which best fits into the case description. Violation of the Ethic Code. Though companies and business persons are expected to follow ethical rules in the conduct of their affairs and not to harm society, they don’t always practice this discipline. Many companies are using costumer’s information to make a profit out of it. As a result, people are getting bombed with relevant advertising and marketing campaigns. It is a tricky area because they are allowed to collect the information in order to best determine the characteristics of their customers, and it could also helpShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1349 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness ethics can be defined as the critical examination of how people and institutions should behave in the world of commerce. There are many subcategories that we may look into when speaking of business ethics, in this essay I will be writing about advertising ethics. Advertising is practically unavoidable in today s world, we see it in the streets, shops, magazines, television, on the internet, hear i t on the radio. In this essay I will describe two ethical issues in advertising, show why businessRead MoreThe Driving Force Behind A Company s Financial Success Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pagesmoral but also an ethical responsibility to consumer, stakeholders and the company they represents. In simple layman’s term, ethics is a concept of what is wrong and right. For marketers, ethics is the working place refer to rules (standards, principles) governing the conduct of organizational members and the consequences of marketing decision (Peterson Farrell, 2005). Ethic is defined as Philosophical principle that serve as operational guidelines for both individuals and organizations concerningRead MoreEthical Issues Of Marketing Field Of Australia1450 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Issues in Marketing Field of Australia Introduction: Ethics is the principle of differentiating between right and wrong. In business and marketing process, a number of ethical issues are involved that may have a positive or negative impact on the company. The term Ethical marketing is not only a marketing strategy but also a philosophy. It encourages a company representative to be honest, fair, and responsible in all advertising. It also includes communication skill, leadership skill, teamworkRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Food Inc.1637 Words   |  7 Pagesfeel they need to do to stay ahead of the competition. So unfortunately exchanges like this come with the territory and it happens across all industries including the food industry. In the 2008 documentary Food Inc. examples of duped exchanges within the food industry are on display, and while I believe there is no place for them within the food industry or the market for that matter it happens anyway due to consumers being led astray by companies. When consumers walk into the grocery store itRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of The Tobacco Industry879 Words   |  4 Pagestobacco companies from advertising their products in India. As you can imagine this did not sit well with many. There are always people on both sides of the fence when it comes to these bans. Managers face many ethical challenges. Most companies have a code of ethics they must follow. In this case analysis we are going to be looking at the ethical issues and challenges Managers in the tobacco industry in India face as well as the pros and cons of banning tobacco advertising. When it came to thisRead MoreAdvertising And Their Influence On Children1516 Words   |  7 PagesEthics in advertising and their influence on children: Introduction Advertising has grown massively due to the expansion of technology and this has transformed the advertising industry. Organisations are spending heavily in advertising to differentiate their brands and cut throat competition among advertising companies is a priority. However, in this race for standing out, advertisers and marketers might overlook the ethical policies. Ethics in advertising has become critical in today’s scandalRead MoreEthics of Advertising1230 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment Advertising is a tremendous and powerful way of providing silent information as to how consumers should interact and present themselves. From the ethics class, we realize that the messages help us to see the meaning and possibilities in the things we purchase. It also helps consumers to liberate the direct meaning that lie below the surface of the products. For example, the Volkswagen advertisements have turned the automobile company into a social statement. Advertising has become aRead MoreDunkin Donuts Code of Ethics Analysis Essay1517 Words   |  7 PagesA code of ethics is a formal document in which is used to assist members of an organization, to know what’s ‘right’ and what is ‘wrong’ in the work place and applying it to their decisions. A code of ethics is a written set of rules or guidelines to help the workers and management ‘conduct’ or direct their actions with its primary values and ethical standards. A code of ethics is i mportant because without it, employees and management wouldn’t have guidelines and the establishment would resembleRead MoreTobacco And Its Effects On The United States1061 Words   |  5 Pageshealthcare costs, and educate the population. Countries have banned advertising, posted health causes, renamed brands, and even included informational fliers in packs of cigarettes. In 2001, The Government of India decided to ban the advertising of cigarettes. This ban was created to help the youth of India and hoped to reduce the amount of future smokers. The proposal of this restriction caused debates between the government, advertising companies, and tobacco manufacturers. The supporting and dismantlingRead MoreEthical Issues for Advertising Tobacco Products Across1129 Words   |  5 PagesEthical issues for advertising tobacco products across borders. A case for Social Contract Theory Question 1: How can SCT and ISCT address the controversial nature of advertising and promoting cigarettes across international borders? Base on the case study, The Social Contract Theory  (SCT) generates a workable framework for solving ethical issues: * Sets main principles relevant to the organization in question * Recommends different principles for different communities * Determines

Influence of the Olmec Civilization on Mesoamerica

The Olmec civilization thrived along Mexicos gulf coast from approximately 1200-400 B.C. and is considered the parent culture of many of the important Mesoamerican cultures that came after, including the Aztec and Maya. From their great cities, San Lorenzo and La Venta, Olmec traders spread their culture far and wide and eventually built a large network through Mesoamerica. Although many aspects of Olmec culture have been lost to time, what little is known about them is very important because their influence was so great. Olmec Trade and Commerce Before the dawn of the Olmec civilization, trade in Mesoamerica was common. Highly desirable items like obsidian knives, animal skins, and salt were routinely traded between neighboring cultures. The Olmecs created long-distance trade routes to obtain the things they needed, eventually making contacts all the way from the valley of Mexico to Central America. Olmec traders swapped finely made Olmec celts, masks and other small pieces of art with other cultures such as the Mokaya and Tlatilco, getting jadeite, serpentine, obsidian, salt, cacao, pretty feathers and more in return. These extensive trade networks spread Olmec culture far and wide, spreading Olmec influence throughout Mesoamerica. Olmec Religion The Olmec had a well-developed religion and belief in a cosmos comprised of an underworld (represented by the Olmec fish monster), the Earth (Olmec Dragon) and skies (bird monster). They had elaborate ceremonial centers: the well-preserved Complex A at La Venta is the best example. Much of their art is based on their religion, and it is from surviving pieces of Olmec art that researchers have managed to identify no fewer than eight different Olmec gods. Many of these early Olmec gods, such as the Feathered Serpent, the maize god, and the rain god, found their way into the mythology of later civilizations such as the Maya and Aztecs. Mexican researcher and artist Miguel Covarrubias made a famous diagram of how different Mesoamerican divine images all diverged from an early Olmec source. Olmec Mythology: Apart from the religious aspects of Olmec society mentioned above, Olmec mythology seems to have caught on with other cultures as well. The Olmecs were fascinated with were-jaguars, or human-jaguar hybrids: some Olmec art has caused speculation that they believed that some human-jaguar cross-breeding had once taken place, and depictions of fierce were-jaguar babies are a staple of Olmec art. Later cultures would continue the human-jaguar obsession: one good example is the jaguar warriors of the Aztec. Also, at the El Azuzul site near San Lorenzo, a pair of extremely similar statues of young men placed with a pair of jaguar statues brings to mind the two pairs of hero twins whose adventures are narrated in the Popol Vuh, known as the Maya bible. Although there are no confirmed courts used for the famous Mesoamerican ballgame at Olmec sites, rubber balls used for the game were unearthed at El Manatà ­. Olmec Art: Artistically speaking, the Olmec were far ahead of their time: their art shows a skill and aesthetic sense far greater than that of contemporary civilizations. The Olmec produced celts, cave paintings, statues, wooden busts, statues, figurines, stelae and much more, but their most famous artistic legacy is doubtless the colossal heads. These giant heads, some of which stand nearly ten feet tall, are striking in their artwork and majesty. Although the colossal heads never caught on with other cultures, Olmec art was very influential on the civilizations that followed it. Olmec stelae, such as La Venta Monument 19, can be indistinguishable from Mayan art to the untrained eye. Certain subjects, such as plumed serpents, also made the transition from Olmec art to that of other societies. Engineering and Intellectual Accomplishments: The Olmec were the first great engineers of Mesoamerica. There is an aqueduct at San Lorenzo, carved out of dozens of massive stones then laid side-by side. The royal compound at La Venta shows engineering as well: the massive offerings of Complex A are complicated pits filled with stones, clay, and supporting walls, and there is a tomb there built with basalt support columns. The Olmec may have given Mesoamerica its first written language as well. Undecipherable designs on certain pieces of Olmec stonework may be early glyphs: later societies, such as the Maya, would have elaborate languages using glyphic writing and would even develop books. As the Olmec culture faded into the Epi-Olmec society seen in the Tres Zapotes site, the people developed an interest in the calendar and astronomy, two other fundamental building blocks of Mesoamerican society. Olmec Influence and Mesoamerica: Researchers who study ancient societies embrace something called the continuity hypothesis. This hypothesis posits that there has been a set of religious and cultural beliefs and norms in place in Mesoamerica that has run through all of the societies that lived there and that information from one society can often be used to fill in the gaps left in others. The Olmec society then becomes particularly important. As the parent culture - or at least one of the most important early formative cultures of the region - it had influence out of proportion with, say, its military might or prowess as a trading nation. Olmec pieces that give some information about the gods, society or have a bit of writing on them - such as the famous Las Limas Monument 1 - are particularly prized by researchers. Sources: Coe, Michael D and Rex Koontz. Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. 6th Edition. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2008 Cyphers, Ann. Surgimiento y decadencia de San Lorenzo, Veracruz. Arqueologà ­a Mexicana Vol XV - Num. 87 (Sept-Oct 2007). P. 30-35. Diehl, Richard A. The Olmecs: Americas First Civilization. London: Thames and Hudson, 2004. Grove, David C. Cerros Sagradas Olmecas. Trans. Elisa Ramirez. Arqueologà ­a Mexicana Vol XV - Num. 87 (Sept-Oct 2007). P. 30-35. Gonzalez Tauck, Rebecca B. El Complejo A: La Venta, Tabasco Arqueologà ­a Mexicana Vol XV - Num. 87 (Sept-Oct 2007). p. 49-54.

“Dude, Where’s My Country” Book Review Free Essays

â€Å"Dude, where is My Country† is a book written by Michael Moore and published by Penguin Books in 2004. In this book, Moore provocatively and boldly discusses several socio-political events in America. He takes on George W. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Dude, Where’s My Country?† Book Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bush, the Conservative brigade and corporate wheeler dealers in America and offers wide ranging remedies which place the country’s redemption squarely on the shoulders of the liberal forces. The author dissects America’s problems in topics ranging from tax cuts, the Iraqi war, among others and demonstrates the failure of the nation-state to be a direct consequence of conservative ethos. Moore first seeks to debunk what he calls the ‘Big Lie’, that America is inherently and pervasively conservative. He terms this belief as a propagandist fib, perpetuated by the right in order to put down the liberal masses. â€Å"†¦.. So, in the tradition of all propagandists, they lie. They create an opposite truth: AMERICA IS CONSERVATIVE. Then they pound away with that false message so hard and so often that even their political opponents come to believe that it’s true,† Moore asserts (Moore, 2003 page 2). To prove that most Americans are indeed liberal, Moore gives facts which demonstrate majority support for the Civil Rights movement, abortion, the Roe vs Wade ruling, the Green movement, gun restrictions, universal healthcare (or socialized medicine as he puts it), community as opposed to jail service for offenders, gay and lesbian rights and unionization. He then wonders why conservatives hold the rein of leadership in the country and proceeds to offer his ten cents worth. Chapter one poses seven seemingly rhetorical questions to Bush. Home of the Whopper† is the heading of Chapter two and it serves as an allegorical forerunner of the issues presented herein. Here, the author discusses the lies told by the Bush administration before narrating a fable featuring his great-granddaughter who seeks to find out from him the state of the world when oil and plastics were available and seeks to understand the reasons behind the failure of planning. In a sense, this chapter indicts the Bush administration for its lax energy policies and seems to suggest a bleak future for America occasioned by these policies. Chapter four is titled â€Å"The United States of Boo† and it takes the form of an essay. In this chapter, Moore demonstrates that death through terrorism is statistically impossible. As he so ably shows, there are other countless and plausible ways through which Americans can die that terrorism threats count for nothing. The ruse by the conservative war makers is a subterfuge meant to take away Americans’ civil liberties. Nowhere is this more succinctly evidenced than in the Patriot’s Act, Moore infers. The next chapter delineates ways in which ordinary Americans can reduce acts of terrorism. In subsequent chapters, Moore launches into an angry offensive tirade against George W. Bush that is laced with acerbic humor. The Bush years are summarized as a failed presidency and various facts adduced to support this claim. The war against Iraq is presented in great detail and used as an example to show Bush’s weak leadership. Similarly, the Enron debacle, the infamous Bush tax cuts and the collapse of other firms are cited as products of failed economic policies. The author lays bare the association between Bush, Osama Bin Laden and Saudi Arabia. He goes on to make staggering claims about alleged business connections between the Bushes and the Saudi Arabia nobles. Contrary to the wishes of FBI and notwithstanding the fact that only four of the 19 hijackers were non-Saudis, the Bush government shielded the Saudi Arabians from investigations while other Arabs in America were apprehended just like the Japanese were during the post world war II interment. Moore dismisses the high approval ratings enjoyed by Bush in 2004 thus: â€Å"the high ratings for Bush are not an endorsement of his policies. Rather, it is the response of a frightened country that has no choice but to back the man charged with protecting them. America has not fallen in love with Bush-it’s more like â€Å"love the one you’re (stuck) with. † (Moore, page 6). Railing against the â€Å"Christian Coalition†, Moore eloquently makes pitch for a presidency built around persons who live and understand America as it is. In regard to this, he introduces the â€Å"Draft Oprah for President† movement. Oprah, it seems, is the very representation of this people president that America so desperately needs. A clarion call for liberals to redeem their country from the ‘undesired’ hands of the conservatives is sounded. Moore gravely states that Democrats should not be left to â€Å"screw up† the [2004] election and instead details what he calls â€Å"Operation 10-Minute Oil Change† where everybody is called upon to do something for ten minutes daily in an effort to drive out Bush and his oil cronies. While the book is written in an easy to understand language with poignant examples, some hard facts and disturbing and weighty questions that inevitably stir up reflective thought, one cannot help avoid the feeling that it is grossly subjective and devoid of serious discourse. Additionally, ‘Dude, Where is My Country† seems like an unabashed endorsement of General Wesley Clark and the Democrat platoon. I do not agree with Moore because his book is redolent with numerous misrepresentations, falsities and inaccuracies. In page 69, he deliberately misrepresents facts about American’s dealings with Iraq, conveniently trashing the provisions of UN’s food for oil program. He gives a long list of persons supposedly aggrieved with the Patriot Act in page 111. However, according to the sources he has given, the listed persons were never in any way affected by the legislation. In a brazen display of dishonesty, Moore claims that closure of schools in Oregon in 2003 was as a direct result of the Bush tax cuts whereas they were actually due to a new law that decoupled the state’s income tax system from that of the central government. There are many other claims which cannot stand the test. They seem to have been intentionally twisted so that they can prop his claims. Some of his assertions border on the speculative. A good example of this is the unsubstantiated claim that Saudi military acted in cahoots with Bush and the Saudi government to launch them. While some claims are backed by solid fact, many others are not factual and it is precisely this reason that makes it hard to agree with Moore lock, stock and barrel. How to cite â€Å"Dude, Where’s My Country?† Book Review, Papers

Research Proposal on Physical Activity Essay Example

Research Proposal on Physical Activity Essay Physical activity are that intended to enhance, maintain or delay the degeneration of the body and its capacity with physical exercise used often to improve appearance or health, or to get better results at a sport practicing. Such training can be divided into strength and cardiovascular fitness, weight-reducing or weight-gaining purposes, leisure sport activity as a hobby, and professional elite training. The training is preceded by learning steps. As a rule, a beginner learns intuitively and get acquainted with the environment and tools to be used. The more one exercises, the more experienced one gets. Training of an elite athlete requires a high and advanced level of knowledge in the subject. When it comes to physical training or some exercise that requires motor skills, there is a motor learning through training. Physical activity may have the weight reduction effect, since all activity burns energy. Exercises cause the body’s cells need for more oxygen. To provide them with oxygen the blood must be pumped faster. This leads to the higher respiration rates and higher heart rate. When blood is pumped faster body temperature increases and to lower it the body begins to sweat. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Physical Activity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Physical Activity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Physical Activity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Physical activity is a cause of stress borne cells, such as muscle cells, due to the multiple cells are broken down during the exercise. After training, there is a recovery, and then the body defends itself against future overload by super-compensation, i.e., builds cells to replace those damaged, thus, building up muscles. Recovery is therefore important to exercise should not be destructive. Another form of super-compensation and adaptation occurring during intense exercise often results in permanent open-heart muscle (called Sport Heart), more hemoglobin, greater physical work capacity and lower resting heart rate. However, some middle-aged men get slightly reduced cardiac muscle. A 20 years study of aging athletes have shown that prolonged hard physical exercise has no effect on the maximal heart rate, which decreases with age. However, the training effect on the oxygen uptake that is less impaired with age in those who trained intensely. The amount of body mass that is not made up of fat, decreases always with age, but decreases less for those who had a hard workout than those who exercised little or nothing, and bone mineral density remains sufficient or good. Exercise is usually recommended to reduce the risk of osteoporosis due to increasing bone density. Very intense aerobic exercise may reduce estrogen levels, which, however, has the opposite effect on bone dens ity. Too much or too heavy exercise is thought to cause menstrual disorders. Girls who exercise heavily may possibly get slightly delayed menarche. During extra intensive training periods, younger female athletes has up to 20% menstrual disorders, sometimes amenorrhea, while other sources claim that in some sports (gymnastics) 70% of female athletes are affected by amenorrhea, and that this is partly associated with decreased body fat and increased psychological stress. Use free sample research paper on physical activity to write a good research proposal on the topic. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Physical Activity topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!